Almost at the Front
The wartime letters of Corporal Merrill H.
Lundgren
By Peter M. Lundgren - email petelundgren@charter.net
Copyright Peter M. Lundgren, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
This document contains a compilation of letters written by my father, then Corporal Merrill Harley Lundgren, U.S Armed Forces, 1st Army, VII Corps, 482nd Military Police Escort Guard Company. Dad was the company clerk and had constant access to a typewriter, which he used almost daily during his period of duty during World War II. From just before his trip to England prior to the launching of D-Day, to his safe return in January 1946, dad's typewriter rang out with words of patriotism for his country, support for his fellow soldier, compassion for the suffering people of Europe, and most of all love for his new bride, my mother, Edna (Leibrock) Lundgren.
One year ago I knew very little about the courtship of my mother and father, how mom would sing to dad with her beautiful soprano voice, and how much dad loved to hear her sing. I knew very little of the early innocence of their relationship, or of their dreams as they planned their lives together. I have learned of the duties of a Military Police Escort Guard unit, and of the tremendous loyalty and patriotism that soldiers of all of the armed forces shared during this tremendous conflict. Shining through the devastating picture of a continent torn apart was a soldier, a compassionate soldier, whose love for his fellow man did not stop in his native United States, whose sense of humor was and still is contagious, and whose attitude, morals, and values have touched the lives of countless others.
The entries in this document have been taken directly from the original letters, and are supplemented with entries from a chronological book of World War II entitled "2194 Days of War: An Illustrated Chronology of the Second World War" (Barnes & Noble Inc. 1993, and originally published in Italian in 1977 by Arnoldo Mondadori). I have tried to track the whereabouts of the VII Corps through this book, whenever possible. Dad was unable to communicate his position to mom because of strict censorship of the mail, although he was occasionally able to divulge his location with hints that only mom (or other family members) would know. I have added other significant events of the war as they occurred with the purpose of tieing dad's letters to the historical events of the period.
Never have I learned so much about my family in so little time, and the completion of this project causes many mixed emotions in my heart. It has emphasized the importance of written documentation of our lives. The thoughts, experiences, philosophy, and dreams of my mother and father will never be lost. In conjunction with the life journal which they have so thoughfully prepared each year, this document will afford future generations the ability to look back in time, to a time when nothing was more powerful than the love of a spouse, and nothing more important than the closeness of family.
On this Christmas Eve, 1994
Peter Merrill Lundgren
4-7-44
"When I think of what this censorship of mail makes a fellow resort
to in order to fill a page, I feel like chucking these so called letters in the
nearest wastebasket."
4-10-44
"I wanted to go (to church) yesterday but we went to town Saturday
and had a few drinks, quite a few, and did not get home until quite late.
Consequently I didn't get up till dinner. I wish I could have sat down to one
of your delicious steak dinners."
4-22-44
"All I am allowed to write is that I am somewhere in
4-23-44
"Our housing facilities aren't too luxurious but they are
satisfactory. I heard that we were fortunate in that regard. The beds are a
little short...my feet practically asphyxiate the GI. across the aisle from me.
Last night I devoted most of the time tucking in blankets and adjusting the
straw mat I lay on."
4-24-44
"I don't know if I mentioned it but I was unfortunate enough to get
a lower bunk...my "sack" is in close proximity to the latrine and
whenever the door is opened my sensitive nostrils inhale the usual fragrant
fumes emitted from a latrine. To add to all that a cup of K ration hot
chocolate was unintentionally ( I hope) spilled on my blankets last night and
most of the night was spent wiping aforesaid chocolate from my body. It is very
simple to bat your head against the upper bunk when arising in the A.M. haven't
missed a morning bumping my cranium.
4-25-44
"Three of the boys are trying to make change with the English money.
It is very amusing. We are allowed one pass to town per week....when I do go
and deal with the local merchants I will extend a handful of "pences"
and let them take what I owe."
4-26-44
"Last night Tom and I took in the local cinema, I mean the camp
cinema. The name of the picture was "The Immortal Sergeant". I rather
enjoyed it but the theater itself doesn't bear the slightest resemblance to any
we have in
4-27-44
"You mentioned that your Ouija board predicted that we would be
blessed with four children. I will be perfectly content with half that number.
Incidentally sweetheart would you mind asking that board when I will be coming
home."
4-29-44
"There is nothing I like better than the idea of establishing a fund
for me towards a set of golf clubs. They probably won't have any effect on my
game but at least I will put up a good appearance on the course...If you are
ever in doubt, always remember that I do quite a bit of bowling and a ball is
necessary to compete in this sport. I went to the camp theater last night and
saw "The Sky's The Limit" with Fred Astaire and Joan Leslie."
4-30-44
"...my ears caught the strain of an English orchestra giving out
with some currently popular American tunes. The dance wasn't very crowded
although it had a goodly number of American boys, Canadian soldiers, English
soldiers and sailors, and even some English civilians. I only danced four or
five dances and most of the girls said I danced exactly like the English boys.
I don't know if that is a compliment or not."
5-1-44
"While in the chow line I told the mess Sgt. I wanted my steak lean
and he asked "which way?". I have a ration card now. We go to the PX
once a week and draw our weeks quota. We receive two candy bars, two packs of
gum, seven packs of cigarettes, two razor blades, one bar of soap, and a small
package of cookies. I usually give my cigarettes to George Kilpatrick, the
fellow that rode into
5-3-44
"I have been doing some hard thinking lately honey and if I'm in the
same frame of mind when I am back in civilian life, I will not go back to the
Milwaukee RR.. I think I will have my try at the selling game. I don't know
what I'll sell, probably sell you on the idea first."
5-3-44
"My Darling Wife,
I am allowed to write two "blue envelope" letters per month.
These letters are not censored by the
I think of you constantly sweetheart, and the longer I am away from you
the more I realize how much I love you and what you mean to me. My entire life
revolves around you darling and I find it difficult to understand how I managed
the 23 odd years without you. However I did manage and while I had a nice
enough time, I never knew real happiness until we met. My happiest hours are
spent reminiscing over our courtship days and our few months of married life
we've had.
There has never been any doubt in my mind that our future will be as
happy, if not happier, than our past. Our past has been marred by short get
togethers and long departures.
I'm sure that the happiest day of my life will be when all this is over
and I finally come home to you to stay. I don't know if you still expect me
home in a few months, but if you do, I regret to say that it will be longer
than we thought. I love you with all my heart honey.
Merrill
5-6-44
"I just came back from a 24 hour pass to
5-8-44
"I did my washing yesterday and I simply had an awful time. When I
hang out my wash I am the victim of derisive catcalls from the boys because of
my "tattle gray".
5-10-44
"I am going on my weekly pass tonight as both George and I have been
rather fortunate in our card playing we shall probably spend most of our time
in the pubs."
5-11-44
"I went to town last night and got slightly "stinky", only
slightly, I had control of all my faculties. There were about five of us and I
can safely say that we drank enough to float a battleship. Two Jap
battleships."
5-12-44
"I have just come back from a jaunt through the forest, and it was
really beautiful. Tom, George, and myself took the afternoon off to appreciate
the beauty of the English country."
5-16-44
"I believe I have some sort of a record, practically one year in the
Army and I have yet to face the trials and tribulations of a K.P.. I hope this
enviable record remains intact for the duration."
5-17-44
"I don't know how long it will be before we are together again. When
the long awaited invasion does start, I am quite certain I will be in on some
of it. I find myself reminiscing over our courtship and also our early marriage
days. Today I heard the Mills Brothers sing "Paper Doll" and
instantly my thoughts reverted to
5-19-44
"I have been spending some time to recognition of aircraft. Hundreds
of planes fly overhead every day and to date I haven't recognized any. My
aptitudes never did tend to things like that, but in a year or so I may be able
to identify a P-38 or maybe even a tough one like a flying fortress."
5-20-44
"Immediately upon our arrival here several thousands of circulars,
memorandums, letters, etc. from various echelons of command came into the
office and I was delegated to read them and pick out information pertinent to
our office. After reading them I had to sort and file all papers. If this
continues I will wind up in the middle of the floor throwing papers over my
head and watching them fall over the premises with a mad glitter in my
eyes."
5-21-44
"What is the latest dope about your job? If you do give him (Eddie
Sowle) a break and accept the job, please tell him for me that it is only
temporary as when I get home, all your time will be devoted to me, just as mine
will be devoted to you."
5-23-44
"It is the noon hour and I am listening to the camp loudspeaker
system. They are playing "I Wonder Who's Kissing Her Now". That's one
thing I don't wonder about. I have no reason to have I? Strike that from the
record, It's strictly unnecessary."
5-24-44
"The only comfort I have now is that I realize every day that passes
brings me one day closer to you and happiness."
5-25-44
"One of the boys just came up and presented me with a chocolate
Hershey bar (with almonds). I don't know the reason for the generous gift but
nevertheless I appreciate it and after finishing this letter I will retire to
the nearest bush and camouflage myself and proceed to devour this rare tidbit.
If any of the boys see me, I will be mobbed."
5-29-44
"I just realized that today is my birthday. One of the boys in the
outfit came up to me and asked for a 24 hour pass on Thursday (he was joking of
course) as it was his birthday. Then it dawned on me that on this day I am a
quarter of a century old."
5-30-44
"I have been thinking of last summer (early part of it) too honey.
Those times you and I went out alone to Ben's lounge and some of the other
places were really the best times of my life."
6-1-44
"I was in
6-2-44
"One of the boys celebrated his birthday today and I suggested to
Sgt. Bailey we have a formation and sing "Happy Birthday" to him.
This was done and after the song our chief cook presented him with the
"luxury of luxuries", a hot dog "with mustard"."
6-5-44
"I'm glad to hear that you went to the
6-6-44
At 9:35 a.m. on June 6, 1944 the following message is broadcast to the world
by Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force: "Under the command of
General Eisenhower, Allied naval forces supported by strong air forces, began
landing Allied armies this morning on the Northern coast of
The Allies have been preparing for this operation for many months. The men
and equipment for the landing have been building up in the south of
Early in May this spectacular mass of men and materials begins to move towards the embarkation points in readiness for the day of the operation, the fateful "D-Day".
Allied bombers have been literally "flattening" the French coasts
for months, especially the areas selected for the landing, cutting lines of
communication and neutralizing the Luftwaffe. In the days immediately before
the landings the air offensive becomes more crushing than ever and the radar
stations between
There are over half a million German soldiers deployed along the 800 miles
of coast from
On the night of June 5th, a vast fleet approaches the French coast. 2,727
ships of every kind (merchant ships, cross-channel steamers, hospital ships,
small Transatlantic liners, tugs, fuel tankers) carry or tow more than 2,500
landing craft. They are escorted by over 700 warships, including 23 cruisers, 5
battleships, (the American
It is at midnight when the invader's first parachutes open in the Nomandy
skies, and two airborne divisions (the 82nd and 101st) are to be dropped inland
between Ste Mere Eglise and Carentan in support of the landings on "
The landings have been preceded by intense bombing of the beaches and the landings themselves are given tremendous air cover and deadly supporting fire from the warships. The convoys are preceded by mine sweepers and are protected from enemy air attack by barrage balloons. A fleet of tugs tows across the Channel the huge reinforced concrete caissons for the construction of Mulberry Harbor, an artificial harbor that can take ships of up to 10,000 tons (including Liberty ships), and the elements of the pre-fabricated pipeline, coded Pluto (Pipe Line Under the Ocean), which will keep the forces supplied with fuel.
The first landings of the Allied invasion force from the sea occur at 6:30
a.m. on the "
At "
Winston Churchill gives the House of Commons news of the
At sundown fighting dies down on the whole front. The Allies are too exhausted to think of following up their offensive, while the Germans have neither the equipment nor the men to mount a large-scale counter-attack. Even though from a tactical point of view, the Allies have not reached any of the targets set for June 6 on any of their beaches, D-Day has still been a great success for the Americans and British. They have landed 155,000 men on French soil, a colossal force for the enemy to drive back into the sea. Rommel has always maintained that the loss of the first battle, on the beaches, will mean leaving the European continent open to invasion. And he is proved right.
6-7-44
Although the allies have not reached the targets set for them in the "Overlord" plan during the first day, all the landings except that on "Omaha" beach have been reasonably successful and now the British and Americans have established wide beach-heads. General Eisenhower, visiting the front, orders the US V and VII Corps to converge as soon as the one has taken Isigny and the other Carentan. The 4th division (VII Corps) advances north in the direction of the line Quineville-Montebourg, but is halted by firm German resistance on the line of German fortifications. Meanwhile columns from the 8th Regiment converge on St. Mere Eglise to support the units of the 82nd Airborne Division against a dangerous German counter-attack from the north. Other units from the 82nd Division reach the east bank of the river Merderet, but meet with violent opposition at the La Fiere bridge. South of St. Mere Eglise units of the 101st Airborne Division on the north bank of the river Douve hold up their attacks to establish a bridgehead across the water. The German detachments at Le Port and La Barquette surrender to them.
6-8-44
Units of the 82nd Airborne Division and the
6-9-44
The 4th Division makes significant progress in its advance towards
6-10-44
The town of
6-11-44
While the 9th Division continues its slow advance west of the river Merderet, the 101st Airborne Division mounts the decisive attack on Carentan. During the night, under deadly fire from artillery, the Germans leave the town. Carentan is occupied, but it is not long before the enemy endeavors to re-take it.
6-12-44
The US VII Corps has still not reached the line it was meant to occupy on
the first day of landing. However its units advance both in the
6-13-44
At 3:30 am the first German V1 flying bombs are directed towards
The VII Corps, 4th Division continues to advance slowly along the east coast
of the
"We have done a lot of moving lately. Again we are under rigid
censorship and I cannot disclose too much of our activities, in fact I cannot
disclose any of our actions. However please don't worry as we are not in the
front lines. I have one consolation, and that is now that "D" day has
materialized, our "D" day is much closer. By "D" I mean
designated and by designated I mean that day when you and I will really start
our married life."
6-14-44
The Divisions of the VII Corps continue to advance in the north and west of
the Cotentin peninsula, the 4th Division proceeding along the east coast of the
peninsula, the 82nd Airborne, 9th and 90th west of the river Merderet, in an
attempt to cut off
"Well honey, I am fast becoming a veteran of foxholes. As I told
Mother in my letter to her, the foxes sit outside at night and bemoan the
critical housing situation. It isn't as bad as it sounds sleeping in a foxhole.
We have ours fixed up quite well. Hot and cold running water, two bedrooms and
a sun room, and when it rains we also have a swimming pool."
6-15-44
General Collins, Commander of the US VII Corps, maintains that his units'
principle efforts must be directed towards cutting the Cotentin peninsula in
two so as to capture
"...there is no other girl I would rather dance with than you. I
like to get you slightly "woozy" from beer and then when we dance you
rest your head against my shoulder. After you dance a few times, you brazenly
suggest we go and "smooch" someplace. You usually talk me into it so
we go and smooch. If I remember correctly you have to run to keep up with me
when we walk up to our room."
6-16-44
The VII Corps reaches the river Douve and succeeds in establishing a bridgehead across it. After formidable German opposition and bitter street fighting, units of the 82nd Airborne enter St Sauveur-le-Vicomte, on the west bank of the Douve. The Germans withdraw in disarray.
6-17-44
The 9th Division launches a powerful offensive in the direction of Carteret,
on the west coast of the
6-18-44
On the
"The weather has been quite chilly here of late. I have been
retiring to my foxhole early every night. It is nice and snug in there and we
are sleeping sound now. Some of us had our English money converted into Francs
and some haven't, so the boys are playing cards with both Francs, Shillings,
Pounds, Six pence, Floren, and Half Crowns. Confusing at times. I hope it won't
be long before we are dealing in Marks."
6-19-44
The VII Corps begins its final attack on
Further V1 "flying bombs" fall on southern
"The war is getting more interesting as time goes by honey.
Yesterday I saw things that were practically unbelievable. Remind me to tell
you when the censor isn't around. Incidentally I hope you are saving all my
letters as I will be able to recall many things that I will have forgotten when
I re-read them. Last night it looked like a Fourth of July celebration here.
Fortunately the celebrants were a good distance from me."
6-20-44
The assault to capture
6-21-44
The VII Corps prepares for the final attack on
"I have been through several towns lately and I never thought that
war could be so brutal. The towns are practically laid flat from the constant
bombardment from land and air. The French people will have an immense post-war
job in re-building. I hope that job isn't too far in the future."
"There have been quite a few instances when driving around that we
were greeted with the "Hitler salute". It is only the French children
that greet us in this manner. I guess they don't know the difference between us
good soldiers and the bad soldiers."
"As far as I can determine we are not greeted by wildly cheering
mobs of French patriots as we expected. The only enthusiasm displayed is by the
younger generation. The older people are apathetic and show very little
feeling. They have been so long under German rule that they have probably
trained their emotions and hardened themselves, They have all my sympathy and
for their sake as well as the homesick American boys, I hope the liberation of
the oppressed will be realized soon."
6-22-44
the final attack on
"I received your letter where you mentioned "D" day had
arrived. Evidently you didn't expect me to participate in this. I really didn't
expect it either but don't worry, I am perfectly safe, well. but not
happy."
6-23-44
The divisions of the VII Corps penetrate the outer defenses of
"As I am writing this, bombers are passing overhead on their way to
bomb one of the Nazi towns into submission. It is wonderful that we have
complete air control here. Things could be a lot more unpleasant if the
Luftwaffe acted up. Another thing that amazes me is how cheaply human life is
valued here. Not that lives are unnecessarily lost, but this invasion is such
an immense thing that a human life is just a minute part of it. I decided to
let my mustache grow. It so happens that I was sitting in the sun yesterday and
6-24-44
Fighting continues around
6-25-44
The battle for
6-26-44
The VII Corps tightens the circle around
6-27-44
The
"I believe enough time has elapsed to allow me to tell you that I
landed here the fifth day after "D" day. Things were quite rugged
(then) but it is shaping up now."
6-28-44
The 9th Division continues preparations for the final attack at Cap de la Hague.
"We have been handling quite a few prisoners here. Naturally I can't
reveal how many or where we are handling them. As far as I am concerned they
can't come too fast to suit me. They all seem happy to get out of the fight and
I can't blame them as they are absorbing defeat after defeat. It is ironical
sweetheart, one time we are fighting them and after they are in our hands, we
feed and look after them. They are treated very well and I only hope our boys
that are prisoners of war are treated with the same respect and care. We have
been at this place for three days now so I imagine that we will be moving soon.
We don't stay very long in one place and life is just one foxhole after the
other."
6-29-44
The last of the German strong points in the
"We handled some prisoners yesterday and one of them had an
accordion. The first two numbers he played were "Hold That Tiger" and
"This Is The Army Mr. Jones". We were amazed to hear him play these
songs as he was fresh from the front."
6-30-44
The last German resistance at Cap de la Hague gives way under attacks by the 9th Division.
7-1-44
The headquarters of the 1st Army issues to its Divisions directives for a
general offensive. This is to begin on July 3 with the VIII Corps, west of the
"I have been up since 5:30 this morning. Our foxhole held out until
that time. I felt several drops of rain on my face, moved over and a few
seconds later several more drops hit me. Then our tent started to leak at my
feet and I had to curl up. Finally my feet were up around my neck and I was
still getting wet so I decided I had enough sleep for one night. There are some
rangers camped near us and they have been breaking in some replacements on the
demolition course. There have been some heavy and earth shaking explosions all
morning."
7-2-44
The Divisions of the 1st Army are reorganized. The VII Corps, now consisting of the 4th, 9th and 83rd Divisions is moved between the VIII and XIX Corps, on the west and east.
7-3-44
At 5:30 a.m. in a blinding rainstorm, the VIII Corps launches the so-called
"
7-4-44
On the right flank of the 1st Army the VIII Corps continues its slow advance southwards. To the East, the VII Corps offensive begins.
"Well honey, today is the Fourth of July and I am not without the
noise that the Fourth usually brings. Fortunately I am a good distance from the
racket."
7-5-44
Heavy fighting continues over the whole
"I never did tell you the circumstances of my arrival in
7-6-44
The VII and VIII Corps continue their slow advance southward under exceptionally fierce German resistance.
7-7-44
Units of the VII Corps move slowly along the Carentan-Periers road against growing opposition by two SS Divisions.
"Well honey the war news is very good lately. If the Russians
continue their terrific offensive I believe the war will be over within three
months. It is my personal opinion that the Germans will surrender when the
Russians hit German territory. I know that the Germans are in deadly fear of
the Russians and they have ample reason. I will attempt to give you my
impression of all that is going about me. England is more beautiful than
France, that is the landscape is more trim and orderly. Of course I have seen
only part of
7-8-44
The VII Corps continue their difficult advance.
7-9-44
The 4th and 83rd Divisions (VII Corps) advance towards Periers under a violent German barrage.
"It is raining again sweetheart. Today is Sunday. That doesn't make
any difference in our routine as the war doesn't recognize the Sabbath as a day
of rest. Sammy Kaye is on our station this afternoon and I intend listening in
on his program."
7-10-44
General Montgomery, Commander-in-Chief of the 21st Army Group, issues directives for Operation "Cobra", the 1st Army's offensive to penetrate the defenses of the Germans west of St Lo and take Coutances. The VII Corps continue their offensive from the west.
"I was very pleased to hear that you did so well on your church
solo. I never entertained any doubts that it could be otherwise. It has only
been close to three months that I have been overseas now and it feels like
three years. You mentioned the
7-11-44
The 1st Army's offensive is now being carried out by all four Corps at once, deployed on a front from the west coast of the Cotentin peninsula to Caumont, about 13 miles east of St Lo.
"So you finally admit that I can drink you under the table. I
remember very distinctly that you were constantly reiterating the fact that I
could drink less than anybody you know. Of course because of the fact that I
overwhelmed you at Noro Inn countless times is no proof that I can hold up my
head with some of
7-12-44
The VII Corps is in difficulties along the Carentan-Periers road.
"I didn't sleep very well last night. The artillery was really
hammering away and the clamor disturbed my slumber. I have been going to
foxhole very early of late. Rations have improved and we are not working too
hard. All French towns are off limits to Allied military personnel so we don't
do much mingling with the French people. There is a noticeable lack of girls
here between the ages of 16 and 30. Maybe the Germans have taken them with them
on their "orderly retreats"."
7-13-44
In the VII Corps sector, only the 9th Division makes headway, while action on the rest of the line is virtually suspended.
"You didn't mention if you had a good time at
7-14-44
The Corps of the 1st Army still advance south, meeting firm resistance all the time from the Germans.
"The war news is still favorable and we are all hoping that the
Russian offensive continues. If it does the war should be ended shortly. Of
course after the European war does end we still have to conclude things in the
Pacific theater of operations. Who knows? Perhaps
7-15-44
The offensive by the 1st Army comes to a halt west of the river Taute while the operational plans for Operation "Cobra" against St Lo and Coutances are prepared. The offensive of the 9th Division (VII Corps) continues, while the 30th and 1st Infantry Divisions and 2nd and 3rd Armored Divisions are regrouped under VII Corps.
"So Blanche has finally quit the machine room. Ted must have a
campaign all planned out to rid himself of all feminine help. With Milton and
Bill gone, and now Blanche, the supreme supervisor of payroll taxes must be
having a difficult problem. It was suprising to me how comfortable a foxhole can
be. they are a h--- of a lot more comfortable than the huts and bunks I told
you about in
7-16-44
In a report sent to the general headquarters of Army Group West, Rommel
emphasizes that since June 6 his units have lost nearly 100,000 men killed,
wounded and missing, including 2,360 officers, of whom only one-tenth have been
replaced. He warns that his troops are being steadily and inexorably exhausted.
His message ends on a pessimistic note: "The enemy is on the point of
smashing our weak front line and penetrating deep into the interior of
7-17-94
Returning to his headquarters at La Rouche-Guyon after inspecting the I
Panzer SS Corps, south of
"I listened to the hit parade a few days ago and I heard your
favorite and my favorite, Frank (4-F) Sinatra. He really "sends" me,
"sends" me to my foxhole where I can't hear him."
7-18-44
The XIX Corps enter St Lo. Preparations for Operation "Cobra" continue.
7-19-44
After capturing St Lo the XIX Corps pushes on southwards.
"The foxholes are getting more elaborate each time we move. It seems
that every time we move, new tricks are added to contribute to the comfort of
our home."
7-20-44
At 12:42 p.m. the "Wolfsschanze" (Wolf's Lair), Hitler's
headquarters at Rastenburg, in a forest in
Preparations for Operation "Cobra" continue.
7-21-44
"The mail clerk always brings the officer's mail to the orderly room
before distributing the enlisted men's mail. They noticed that I had a package
(I wasn't there) and they very thoughtfully kept it in the office so that it wouldn't
be passed out at mail call and all the boys aware of the fact that I had
received a package from home. Naturally they assumed that the package contained
candy and they wanted to be present at the grand opening. It is amazing how
one's popularity soars to a new high on the day a package is received from
home. I knew they were doomed to be disappointed, I opened the package rather
shamefacedly. I could smell the soap before I opened the package."
7-22-44
The advance of the 90th Division towards St Germain-sur-Seves is halted by strong resistance from the Germans.
"Still no mail from home. The moral of this unit is at low ebb. If
this continues we are seriously contemplating writing letters to each other and
delivering them personally to each other foxhole to foxhole."
7-23-44
"I am pleased to hear that Mr. Dewey meets with your approval. I
have heard from numerous sources he was quite worried about it. Seriously
honey, it is a good thing to really be convinced that you are sure that you are
casting your votes for the right person."
7-24-44
Allied air bombardment begins in preparation for Operation "Cobra", but very bad weather makes it necessary to postpone the operation.
"The days seem to drag by, but the weeks seem to pass quickly. I
don't know how that can be, but that is the way it seems to be. I have very
little work to do and that doesn't speed the time any. I have been doing more
reading lately than I have ever done before. after 6:00 PM I retire to my
foxhole and read."
7-25-44
After an effective air bombardment the 1st Army launches Operation "Cobra", aiming at an advance by the troops towards Coutances, southwest of St Lo.
"I have just had the second biggest thrill of my life (our wedding
night is first). For the past hour I have been watching a continuous stream of
bombers on their way to convince the German people of their defeat. I don't
know how many there were but it numbered in thousands. We could see the flak
burst among the planes and to our dismay we saw five or six downed. We have
some German prisoners here and they couldn't believe their eyes. after
witnessing that spectacle the most fanatic Nazi would be forced to admit that
7-26-44
The 8th Division cuts the road linking Lessay with Periers and the 90th Division establishes a bridgehead across the river Seves. The 1st Division captures Marigny and the 2nd Armored Division takes St Gilles and Canisy.
"I can picture you sitting under a spreading chestnut tree in
tattered overalls, (you, not the tree), bare feet dangling in the water, and
atop your head a large farmer's straw hat. Incidentally I have just finished
reading Huck Finn."
7-27-44
US. troops break through west of St Lo. Lessay is occupied and so is Periers. The VII Corps continue to advance south.
"I don't like to hear that you don't get along with Mike. I know the
blame lies with him as I have heard a few other people complain about his
snappy remarks. But as I have said before I think some of the blame lies with
his being away from home and the inconsistency of his existence. If he doesn't
snap out of it after we are all together again, you and I will have to figure
out a way to get along with him."
7-28-44
At 5:00 p.m. the 4th Armored Division enters Coutances and the objective of Operation "Cobra" is achieved.
"I'll bet that Eddie will be surprised at the reception and interest
his request for radio parts has caused. I'm sure that Mother will have no
trouble securing the War Department's permission to send those parts. Perhaps
he will be promoted because of this. I am assuming he is still a Technician
Fifth Grade. He is probably plagued by a table of organization also."
7-29-44
Units of the VII Corps reach Percy, while Hausser's German 7th Army retires.
"I believe you may disregard that rumor about me coming home before
the war ends. Of course the war will be over shortly and then I hope to go
home. I don't think we will remain here for military occupation."
7-30-44
The VII Corps quickly approaches Villedieu-las-Poetes.
"Today we are celebrating our seventh week in
7-31-44
The VII Corps advances toward Brecey. Since June 6, the Allies have lost 122,000 men killed, wounded and missing, against German losses of 114,000 (to which must be added some 40,000 prisoners).
"It is very hot today, more like
8-1-44
The
"take it easy on that brick hauling honey, you have enough muscle to
suit me now. Or maybe you are afraid of softening up, now that you are sitting
on your fanny all day. I know that Pop can't haul nearly as many bricks as you
can as he isn't nearly as strong as you. He sure gets plenty of work out of us
doesn't he? I can still remember that easy job I had wallpapering the ceiling.
He was very diplomatic about the whole situation. He inflated my ego by
complimenting me in that I was fortunate that I was so tall and before I knew
it he was helping me up the ladder. Of course I'm only kidding."
8-2-44
The VII Corps advance rapidly with the 1st Division towards Mortain, some 25 miles east of Avranches. Hitler orders a counter attack in this area.
"So Bill Bert is still puttering around the office. Maybe he will be
one of the fortunate individuals they will send overseas as a replacement for
some of the boys that have been here so long. Tell Bill that he can put a
request in to replace me."
8-3-44
The VII Corps takes Mortain.
8-4-44
The VII Corps reinforces its positions at Mortain, and some of its units move southwards towards Mayenne.
"We moved yesterday and I didn't get a chance to write to you. that
is the first time in several weeks that I missed and my conscience is troubling
me. I have been doing quite a bit of traveling around on various errands.
Yesterday I went out and when I came back the company was all packed and ready
to go. My partner was cussing me a blue streak because I wasn't there and he
had to pack my equipment."
8-5-44
The advance of the VII Corps southeast of Mortain continues.
"Well, we moved once again and I think we will be moving quite often
for a while. I don't mind that however. The more I move around the more I will
see
8-6-44
The VII Corps reaches Mayenne from the North.
"You know Honey, it is hard for me to feel any animosity towards
"Der Fuehrer's" soldiers. Most of them are told exactly what to do by
the thoroughly Nazified officers and if they had their way would gladly surrender.
Most of the front line boys believe that the only good German is a dead German
and I can understand their viewpoint. They have their buddies fall before their
eyes from bullets fired by these same Germans. I have no doubts I would feel
the same way if I were in their shoes. To my way of thinking they are more or
less robots directed by their superior officers. I have come in contact with
very few arrogant Nazis (except the officers). They are all very docile and
extremely happy to be out of the war. At least that is what they say. Don't
misunderstand me, I don't mean to build up the German soldier. They are finally
getting what they have been dishing out for the past four years. It is a job
that has to be done and the quickest way to do it is by exterminating the
Nazi."
8-7-44
The Germans open their counter-offensive ordered by Hitler in the Avranches area. German armored divisions penetrate into the American positions between the VII and XIX Corps, recapturing Mortain and reaching Le Mesnil-Tove, where they are halted with the help of American aircraft. The VII and XIX Corps, duly reinforced, prepare to counter-attack.
"Yesterday one of the prisoners asked his guard how the "
8-8-44
In the Avranches sector the Germans are still trying to penetrate more deeply into the American lines between the VII and XIX Corps.
8-9-44
The German counter-offensive loses some of its impetus, though there is still violent fighting.
8-10-44
The VII Corps now takes the initiative and the German divisions begin slowly to withdraw to the east.
"For the past few days I have been quenching my thirst for knowledge
in the sex field. Don't misunderstand me honey, I have merely been pursuing a
book on Physiology of Sex. It is a very brief tome but very difficult to read.
When I get home I will be more than happy to enlighten you of the mysteries of
life."
8-11-44
In the VII Corps sector, the 30th and 35th Divisions close in on Mortain, and the German forces there are in difficulties. Field Marshal von Kluge, Commander-in-Chief in the Western Front, puts the suggestion to Hitler that three armored divisions be withdrawn from the Mortain salient to put in a counter-attack from west to east. The Fuhrer agrees in principle but authorizes only a partial withdrawal of troops from the Mortain area.
"The last two or three bivouac areas have been in apple orchards. We
are eagerly anticipating gorging ourselves when this delicacy ripens.
Occasionally the boys indulge in some enthusiastic apple fights, using only the
apples that have already fallen from the tree. It is amazing to watch the
soldiers crawl out of their foxholes in the morning. To me they resemble
groundhogs. When the breakfast call is sounded one can see all the sleepy heads
emerge wonderingly from their homes. I expect them to look for their shadow and
then crawl back to their comfortable beds."
8-12-44
Units of the 1st Army have completely wiped out the enemy forces in the Avranches area.
8-13-44
After reaching Mayenne, the VII Corps moves north towards the road connecting Vire with Argentan.
8-14-44
"You know honey it just occurred to me that in a few months we will
have been married a year. I think of how excited I was when I was awaiting your
arrival at the train station in
8-15-44
In the Avranches-Mortain sector the Germans have evacuated the Mortain salient and it is immediately reoccupied by the VII Corps. General von Kluge has mysteriously disappeared, and this news sends Hitler into a frenzy (he assumed von Kluge went over to the enemy). Actually his car was hit by enemy aircraft but the General escaped death and waited in a corn field until dark, and then returned to headquarters.
"I feel much better since you told me that one of the girls in the
bond bureau had been talking to a captain and he said the war would be over by
the end of September and the married men would all be home by January. The news
has been disseminated to the company and there has been a noticeable uplift in
spirit."
8-16-44
"We received five British soldiers at camp today. They were shot
down over
8-17-44
The German 5th Armored and 7th Armies are in danger of being encircled, but General von Kluge orders them to withdraw without the authorization of Hitler. Hitler replaces von Kluge, Commander-in-Chief in the West, with Field-Marshal Model.
"I am bunked alone now and I prefer it that way, as I can do
whatever I please. It used to be that I would want to retire and my bunkmate
would be writing letters and wouldn't be ready to shake out the blankets prior
to retiring."
8-18-44
Field-Marshal von Kluge commits suicide. Once the architect of so many German victories, but now deprived of his command and involved in an attempt on Hitler's life, he takes his own life rather than be hauled before a People's Court. He leaves a letter for Hitler, in which he writes, among other things: "I do not know whether Field-Marshal Model will be able to restore the position. I hope so with all my heart. But if not, and if your new weapons, in which such burning faith is placed, do not bring success, then, Mein Fuhrer, take the decision to end the war. The German people have suffered such unspeakable ills that the time has come to put an end to these horrors."
8-19-44
"The miracle of miracles, we have been in the same place for three
days now. I hope all this moving won't have any disastrous effect on me after
the war honey, I may want to move every week or so."
8-20-44
"Lately the towns have been in much better shape as the Germans are
retreating rather rapidly and consequently there is no need to blast the towns.
During the night somebody must have kicked over one of my tent poles as when I
awoke this morning I practically had a mouthful of tent."
8-21-44
"When you mentioned those joke loving kids that work with you, that
reminded me of some of the gags we used to pull down in
8-22-44
"I have just finished reading enough morale to last me for quite
some time. I received eleven letters from you and also one from Helen. I will
use my old system and answer them one at a time. I will start with the one
dated July 23rd. In this letter you mentioned that Eleanor's brother had been
wounded in action in
8-23-44
"We moved about 90 miles today and for the entire ride I sat in an
open truck. Because of dust and wind, my eyes are continually running and ache
a little. When we first arrived here I was of the opinion that the French
people weren't any too anxious to see us. When most of the people returned to
their homes they found they were homeless along with the other people in town.
Perhaps a few fortunate people's homes remained standing, but now the Germans
are retreating so quickly that the towns are practically in the same condition
when we get there and give the French no cause for any bitterness. They are
wildly enthusiastic and constantly throw kisses, wave the tri-color and
sometimes the Stars and Stripes and it is easy to see that they are very happy
people now that they have their freedom again."
8-24-44
"We received happy news today. The fall of
8-25-44
"I love you with all my heart and I hope it isn't too far in the
future when I can stop writing this and actually let my actions speak."
8-26-44
"I read in the newspaper that about 2,000,000 men would probably be
discharged after the defeat of
8-28-44
"At the last camp we were bivouacked in the grounds of a Frenchman
in the outskirts of a certain town. He must have been a millionaire or at least
very well-to-do. He had an immense chateau....there was a beautiful swimming
pool in back of the chateau and he gave permission for us to swim whenever we
had the urge and you can be sure we had the urge often yesterday. Tom Nardi,
Cleo Baker (mail clerk) and myself have been burdened with a new job. Whenever
we move it is our responsibility that the orderly tent be put up. There is no
similarity between this and a pup tent; it is much bulkier and thus harder to
handle. we are strictly white collar men and you would get a good laugh
watching our feeble attempts at erecting this pyramidal tent. It befell me
today to handle the center pole. I had to fit the pole in the top rung and
crawl into the tent while Tom and Cleo were driving in the pegs and making it
firm from the outside. there is no ventilation in there and the weather is warm
and that canvas seems to absorb all the heat from the outside and throw it at
me in the inside. With Tom and Cleo working like troopers and doing a job that
would ordinarily take ten minutes, they completed their task in thirty minutes
and I was valiantly holding aforesaid center pole in that Hell hole. I finally
told them "Here I come, ready or not". When I walked out nobody
recognized me. they thought I was a German sniper that was holding out and
without sustenance for five days."
8-30-44
"Two nights ago Tom and I went into town, we entered a cafe (tavern)
and had five or six glasses of wine. We were there for about an hour when an
old gentleman came in and sat at our table. He proudly told us that he was born
in
8-31-44
The provisional government of
"I read in the GI newspaper on the tentative procedure and set-up for
discharge of men when
9-1-44
"I saw the most magnificent home I have ever seen in my young life
yesterday. I saw the home of Rothschild, that eminent banker of
9-2-44
The allied advance continues all along the front, in the west towards
"You know honey in yesterday's letter I didn't have much room to
finish my story. I wanted to reassure you that there was no need for fretting.
There wouldn't have been much danger if we had happened to encounter a few
Boche. They are so fatigued, hungry and thirsty that there isn't much fight
left in them."
9-3-44
At this point, the Allied front in the north runs from the mouth of the
Somme in the north to
"It's the same old story, we moved again today. I am really getting
speedy in gathering my belongings together. I hope this doesn't have any after
effects on me. When we have our own place I am liable to be wanting to move
every other day."
9-4-44
General Eisenhower issues the 1st Army's objective of following up the
advance towards the
9-5-44
Hodges' Divisions approach
"We are now staying in a French home. Not the entire company, just a
select few. I would be among them but it so happens I am working nights now and
during the day I sleep in the bed of the select few. We had the dubious honor
of the presence of two Nazi Generals today. Perhaps I shouldn't say Nazi as
many of the German high ranking officers hate the Nazi party. I really don't
know his sentiments. Right now one of the Generals is sleeping in a room above
me. they are treated with the same respect and dignity due their rank and a
general demands much respect."
9-6-44
The VII Corps pushes on towards
"The prisoners are really flocking in now honey. It really looks as
if this month will end this phase of the war. During the last week we have been
getting many Americans in civilian clothing. Their planes were knocked down in
enemy territory and they found refuge among the underground."
9-8-44
The first of the V2s falls on
"I spend the most miserable three and a half hours of my overseas
life today. We were somewhat congested during our moving today and I found
myself sitting on a gas can next to the front seat in Don Newell's vehicle (he
is a truck driver). In my usual optimistic way I scorned my raincoat thinking
that the threatening weather would not develop. After riding a half hour or so
the heavens veritably poured rain by the buckets. It was a cold and lengthy
rain. To add insult to injury after our destination had been reached I had to
submit to the good natured razzing of my fellow GIs. The good nature was very
one sided and I must confess the I didn't take kindly to the hazing."
9-9-44
The Allies estimate they have captured 300 flying bomb sites in northern
"Several days ago there were some false rumors being circulated the
Germans were counter-attacking and were not too far off. One of the boys said
that when he was passing through one of the towns he saw one of the civilians
take his French flag out of the window. Evidently he did not believe that this
rumor was false. I learned something new and interesting today. When a girl
over here has been known to have gone out socially with a Nazi soldier while
they were in power, she is shorn of her hair by the people in town. I have also
heard that she is branded more or less by burning her either on the face of
head (top). I will not offer the latter as the gospel truth, but I will vouch
for the hairless women story."
9-10-44
"I went on a short trip today. We were looking for an APO to deposit
our mail that has accumulated while waiting for our regular
9-11-44
Apart from the ports of
9-12-44
The German garrison of
9-13-44
"The night before last a German plane crashed in flames about a kilometer
from us. We weren't sure what it was at first. All we saw was a big ball of
fire. On September 7 we entered a different country. You can probably figure
out which one. I am not sure if censorship will allow me to mention the name of
the country."
9-15-44
The Allied armies enter
"I never knew you thought me quiet and reserved. I realize that I am
not of a garrulous nature but it never struck me that you were of the same
opinion. There was never a doubt in my mind that I was reserved. The first time
I met you I said to myself that I was reserved for you."
9-16-94
"Whenever we move, all the men immediately set up their homes and
then seek permission to walk around the immediate vicinity in search of eggs. I
have become quite a trader; my pockets are stuffed with chocolate and
cigarettes, the bait which I dangle before the eager eyes of the civilians.
While in
9-19-94
The capture of
"I secured permission from my commanding officer to go into one of
the larger towns and buy you a (anniversary) gift and card. I found an English
speaking Belgian and he showed me around to the various stores. I didn't know
what to get you but I finally decided on a bracelet. The bracelet isn't much
but it is from
9-21-44
"I do not concur when you say that the pertender of the future that
you consulted erred in his character reading. You are an awful flirt. I recall
vividly how outrageously you flirted with me at the
9-24-44
"I haven't been feeling so well. There is an epidemic of "slit
trench blues" in the company and I happen to be one of the unfortunate. A
slit trench is a hole 6 feet long and one foot wide and as deep as the needs of
the company. In our present condition we need one 40 feet deep."
9-25-44
"I have been having trouble with my leg. I went to the hospital last
night and the doctor said it was probably an ingrown hair that is infected. I
hit the all-time high in being miserable last night. We had to come back in the
dark, necessitating we maintain a speed of about 15 miles an hour. Added to
that it was raining and also cold. In order to get our vehicle we had to walk a
hundred yards through ankle deep mud. Whenever I had the urge to give verbal
vent to my outraged feelings, I would think of the infantry boys wallowing in
the mud at the front and rightly enough I would consider myself lucky and
thankful."
9-26-44
"The weather is still miserable. One of the civilians informed me
that we were in the rainy season. That fact was beginning to dawn on me. We
have been enduring four days of continued rain. When it isn't raining, it is
drizzling so we haven't much to choose from. I was sleeping out for a while but
when all the rain started I thought it best that I move inside. We are staying
at an abandoned fort. It has been bombed quite thoroughly and we make our homes
at any propitious spot. At the moment I am sleeping on a cement slab. There are
about 15 of these slabs and about 6 of us use them for beds. Whenever I stretch
my emaciated frame on this slab I am reminded of a morgue. At any moment I
expect the slab to be drawn out by the keeper of the bodies and my carcass
identified by my mourners."
9-27-44
"We moved yesterday and we are all glad of it. The fort we were in was
too damp and muddy. Quite a few of the boys were ill because of it."
9-28-44
"I am writing this in hopes that you will receive it on some day
fairly close to your birthday. With each passing day my love and respect for
you deepens. I am thankful for my good fortune. We are alike in our likes and
dislikes and it should prove a great help for that deliriously happy married
life we are going to have. I wish you a happy birthday honey and I also wish
that I could be there to tell you how much I love you and how often I think of
you."
9-29-44
"If I remember correctly you told me Churchill predicted the end of
the war during August. In a speech to the House of Commons he said he thought
it would end this year but could not guarantee the war entering a few months in
1945."
9-30-44
"I haven't heard from you in a week now and again I am impatient for
word from you. I hope you have sent the hair oil as I am in dire need of
lubricating my hair."
10-2-44
The XIX Corps (1st Army), after a violent air and artillery preparation,
opens the attack on the West Wall (the Siegfried Line) between
10-3-44
The XIX Corps breaches the Siegfried Line.
"I am still in
10-4-44
It is reported that Germans born in 1928 are to be called up.
"Censorship regulations have relaxed somewhat and I can mention some
of the towns I have seen. In
10-6-44
The XIX Corps continues the battle around
"Some of the men in the outfit did get to see
10-7-44
"I was sorry to hear about Eddie being sick and I know that it is a
cause for worry for all of you being so far away and all that. He must have
well over a years service overseas hasn't he?"
10-8-44
"Yesterday was really a beautiful day, just like indian summer in
the States. So far today we have had a little drizzle but I think it is going
to clear up. At least I hope so as I am having my washing done and if the usual
weather prevails it will be dry sometime next July. I can't understand how
Mother saved so much money since I left. Perhaps that is the reason she did
save so much, because of my leaving. She gets that allotment from me, beside the
two women staying with her and her job. Considering all that and also how
conservative she is, it is really no cause for wonder."
10-9-44
The operations of the 1st Division (VII Corps) around
"I don't know who Eileen Taylor is but about her brother missing in
action over
10-10-44
The 1st Division tightens its ring around
"Rained all night and most of the morning. This rain prolongs the
war. Everything gets bogged down in the mud. I figure on being here another
year yet. I don't like to hang crepe but there's no sense in harboring any
false illusions or optimism about my speedy return."
10-11-44
The ultimatum sent by the 1st Division at
"My darling wife
HAPPY ANNIVERSARY SWEETHEART, although I fail to see how that can
possibly be when we are three thousand miles apart. One year ago today I was
the happiest GI in Uncle Sam's army but today I am probably the unhappiest
unless some other unfortunate soldier is celebrating the completion of
one year of wedded bliss. The only consolation of people in our circumstances
is the brightness of the future and not the miserableness of the past. So I
will try to conform with the sagacious remark and cease to bemoan our past.
All during this week my thoughts have been of our very important
interlude in the gay metropolis
I Love You
Merrill
10-12-44
In the
"The enlisted men have a tent for themselves now, we can gather in
there and listen to the radio, play cards, or just talk. The important thing is
that it is a roomy place where more than two persons can gather and while away
the time. George Kilpatrick snapped a picture of me today. I have had several
other pictures snapped and some are in the process of being developed. I have
heard that it takes from one to six months to have pictures developed so you
can expect a snapshot of me within that time."
10-13-44
The first German V1s and V2s fall on
"Congratulate me honey, exactly six months ago today we landed at
Liverpool
10-14-44
Field Marshal Erwin Rommel, under suspicion of having been involved, even if
only indirectly, in the attempt on Hitler's life, is ordered by Hitler himself
to take his own life. Generals Burgdorf and Maisel are chosen to bear the news
of the death sentence pronounced by the Fuhrer to Herrlingen, where the
Field-Marshal is still convalescing from the wound in the head received in
"We were issued our winter equipment yesterday so we are all set for
the winter. There is some talk that the war will end after the first few months
of 1945, but personally I think the war will end this year. If it does enter
into 1945 we can probably thank Secretary of the Treasurer Morgenthau for being
so obliging as to inform the German people that we intended to deflate the Mark
to one half its value and break Germany up into small parts. These inane
statements have made the German people solid behind the Wehrmacht and they will
probably resist as fanatically as the Nazified army."
10-15-44
No change at
10-16-44
The agony of
10-17-44
"We are now staying in one of the better hotels in a certain town in
10-18-44
At
"I am glad to hear about the club getting a new clubhouse. For the
club the size of ours, the clubhouse was too small and unpresentable."
10-19-44
German resistance at
"I hope you don't show all these letters to our mothers. In cases
where you don't understand my immoral slang I suggest that you consult one of
your girlfriends for the meaning."
10-20-44
At 10:05 a.m. the 6th Army, totaling over 120,000 men, escorted by the 7th
Fleet, begin to land on the east coast of
"Well darling, we are still glorying in our utopia. The only reason
we are here is because the war is going so slowly. When we finally break
through the Siegfried line and their other defenses we will be on the move
again. The weather has been particularly bad lately and we are thankful that we
have a roof over our heads and a dry place to sleep. I have read that the
weather during the four months the Allies have occupied
10-21-44
At 12:05 p.m. the German garrison of