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More information about Audio/Digital/Scanning/Photo/Printing/TV/Video Terms may be found at (Click here).
More information about Pharma/Biological/Pharmaceutical Terms may be found at (Click here).
Go here to find links to pages of information related to the term you are checking
REFERENCES
_T - an MFC macro used to make string literals character set neutral.
:: - global scope resolution operator (WIN). Ensures that the API function is called
even if the object that makes the call has a member function of the same name.
1080i - 1080 lines of inter-laced vertical video resolution - this IS an HDTV format. more info
1080p - 1080 lines of Progressive vertical (NON-laced video content.
1BASE5 - Implementing the IEEE 802.3 standard 1Mbps transmission on a baseband medium
with a maximum segment length of 500 meters. 1BASE5 - factbites
1G - analog mobile phone service
2G - 2G is digital mobile phone service, and includes SMS and text messaging.
Second generation (2G) wireless data networks in Japan deliver
datarates up to 9.6 kbps for upload and up to 29.8 kbps for download.
3DES - Triple Data Encryption Standard
3G - Third generation (3G) wireless networks in Japan deliver datarates on the order of
64 kbps for upload and on the order of 200 kbos for downlad. These higher speeds allow
the transmission of video and two-way video telephony. Other data connections, e.g.
download of information or JAVA applets, are also several times faster on 3G networks
then on older 2G networks. In Japan there are three parallel, independent and
competing 3G networks.
In U.S, 3G currently (12/03) supports 300 to 500 kilobits per second, with bursts up to 2 mbps.
3GPP - Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is a collaboration agreement that was
established in December 1998. The collaboration agreement brings
together a number of telecommunications standards bodies which are
known as "Organizational Partners". The current Organizational
Partners are ARIB, CCSA, ETSI, ATIS, TTA, and TTC.
The original scope of 3GPP was to produce globally applicable Technical
Specifications and Technical Reports for a 3rd Generation Mobile System
based on evolved GSM core networks and the radio access technologies that
they support (i.e., Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) both
Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD) modes).
The scope was subsequently amended to include the maintenance and
development of the Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) Technical
Specifications and Technical Reports including evolved radio access
technologies (e.g. General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) and Enhanced
Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE)). Click here for more info
3GPP2 - Third Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2) - Developing
the next generation of cdma2000 wireless communications.
Third-Generation Partnership Project 2 is a collaborative effort
for Generating 3G specifications for providing high-speed
IP-based mobile systems. It was established for developing global
specifications for network evolution from ANSI/TIA/EIA-41 to 3G,
and global specifications for the radio transmission tehcnologies
supported by ANSI/TIA/EIA-41. 3GPP2 is mainly supported in North
America, China, Japan and South Korea and continues to play a
dominant role in bringing IP technology to these cellular markets.
3GPP2 was born out of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000) initiative
for providing high-speed data over the wireless network.
Although discussions did take place between ETSI and the ANSI-41 community
to consolidate collaboration efforts for 3G, in the end it was deemed
appropriate to establish 3GPP2 as a parallel partnership project.
Click here for more info
480i - 480 vertical lines of inter-laced video content - NOT an HDTV format.
Click here for more information
4G - At present the download speed for imode data is limited to 9.6 kbit/sec
which is about 6 times slower than an ISDN fixed line connection.
With 504i handsets the download data rate was increased 3-fold to 28.8kbps.
However, in actual use the data rates are usually slower, especially in crowded
areas, or when the network is "congested". For third generation mobile (3G)
data rates are 384 kbps (download) maximum, typically around 200kbps, and
64kbps upload since spring 2001. Fourth generation (4G) mobile communications
will have higher data transmission rates than 3G. 4G mobile data transmission
rates are planned to be up to 20 megabits per second. Click here for more info
720p - 720 vertical lines of Progressive (NON-interlaced) video content.
This is the lowest quality, true HDTV format. Click here for more info
10 Gigabit Ethernet - The new 10 gigabit Ethernet standard encompasses seven different media types.
Click here for more info
10Base2 - Old "Cheapernet" (also "thinnet") with thin coaxial cable and trunk/drop topology.
Maximum single segment length = 185 meters (600 feet).
10Base5 - Old "Thicknet" (also "yellow cable") with thick coaxial cable and trunk/drop topology
Maximum single segment length = 500 meters (1,640 feet).
10baseFL - 10Mbps fiber optic Ethernet
10BaseT - Standard "Plain Vanilla" Ethernet based on Unshielded Twisted Pair wire
21 CFR part 11 - Electronic Records and Electronic Signatures - the rule was issued in 1997.
Click here for more info
31 CFR Part 210 - Federal Government Participation in the Automated Clearing House (ACH)
100BaseFX - Implementing the IEEE 802.3 Ethernet standard using 100Mbps transmission on a baseband
medium, using multi-mode fiber-optic cable.
The maximum distance limitation of multi-mode fiber is 412 meters for half-duplex and
2km when configured in full-duplex mode. Distances greater than 2kms are archieved
when implemented over single mode fiber.
100BaseT - Implementing the IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet) standard using 100Mbps transmission on a baseband
medium, using UTP wiring.
The maximum distance limitation of UTP is 100 meters.
100BaseT4 - Implementing the IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet) standard using 100Mbps transmission on a baseband
medium, using four pairs of category 3,4 or 5 UTP wiring.
An alternative standard for 100Mbps Ethernet.
The maximum distance limitation of each segment is 100 meters.
100BaseTX - Implementing the IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet) standard using 100Mbps transmission on a baseband
medium. This standard enables attaching AUI-compatible devices to 24 guage, unshielded
twisted-pair cable, rather than the usual coaxial media.
The leading standard for 100Mbps Ethernet.
The maximum distance limitation of each segment is 100 meters.
100BaseX - Fast Ethernet specification using 100Mbps transmission, which refers to the
100BASEFX and 100BASETX standards for Fast Ethernet over fiber-optic cabling.
100VG-AnyLAN - 100Mbps Fast Ethernet and Token Ring media technology that uses four pairs of
catagory 3, 4 or 5 UTP cabling. Not as popular as 100BaseT.
3270 - Family of IBM mainframe terminals
3270 EIS - The SNA Server 3270 Emulator Interface Specification
3c810 - Symbios Logic (NCR) 'npsc' SCSI controller often shipped attached to internal bus on DG systems
3x74 - Family of IBM cluster controllers
37xx - Family of IBM front-end processors
4G - theoretically supports 100 mbps. NTT is testing this now (12/2003).
7 Layer Networking - transport, session, presentation and application
100baseFX - Fast Ethernet on Optical Fibre (on Fibre Channel)
100baseT - Standard "Fast Ethernet" based on twisted pair copper wire
5250 - Family of IBM AS/400 terminals
IEEE 802 family of standards
PLEASE CLICK HERE FOR ALL 802 STANDARDS
802.1 - Interworking and Link Security
Open source implementation of 802.1
802.1p/Q - IEEE standard for frame prioritization
802.1Q - IEEE standard for VLAN tagging
802.2 - IEEE standard data link protocol
802.3 - IEEE standard known in the vernacular as "Ethernet" - CSMA/CD
802.3REVam - Maintenance #8 (Revision).
802.3a - IEEE standard for 10-Gbps Ethernet
802.3ad - IEEE standard for link aggregation
802.3af - Power over Ethernet (POE).
802.3an - 10GBASE-T Task Force
802.3ap - Backplane Ethernet Task Force
802.3aq - 10GBASE-LRM Task Force
802.3ar - Congestion Management Task Force
802.3as - Frame Expansion Task Force
802.3x - IEEE standard for link-layer flow control using PAUSE frames.
802.3z - IEEE standard for Gibabit Ethernet.
802.4 - Token Ring (disbanded)
802.6 - Metropolitan Area Networks (disbanded)
802.8 - Fiber Optic TAG (disbanded)
802.9 - isoEthernet (also called ISLAN)
802.11 - Wi-Fi networks
802.11ah - Physical Layer 1 standards such as 802.1ah (including G.SHDSL, GigE, EPON), Ethernet 100baseFX,
1000baseSX/LX and legacy xDSL
802.11D - Layer 2 standards such as IEEE 802.11D MAC Bridge protocols
802.11n - throttles WLAN throughput
802.11P - VLAN protocol
802.11Q - VLAN protocol
802.12 - demand priority
802.14 - Cable Modems (disbanded)
802.15 - Wireless PAN
802.16 - WiMax - Broadband wireless access
802.16d - 802.16-2004 Fixed WiMax (ratified June, 2004)
802.16e - Mobile WiMax (not yet ratified - 6/2005)
802.17 - Resilient packet ring
802.20 - supports Mobile Broadband Wireless Access
802.21 - Media Independent Handoff
802.22 - Wireless Regional Area Network
8b/10b encoding - an encoding scheme that converts an 8-bit byte into two possible 10-bit characters; used for
balancing ones and zeros in high=speed transports.
1000base-CX - Gigabit Ethernet on twinax copper cabling
1000base-LX - Gigabit Ethernet for vertical or campus backbones; single or multimodefiber. Also know ans 1000baseLX.
1000base-SX - Standard for 1-G bit/second Ethernet LANs that use the high-frequency optical fiber
standardized in IEEE802.3z. Also know as 1000baseSX.
1000baseT - A new standard for 1,000Mbps Ethernet using four-pair Catagory-5 unshielded twisted pair
cable. 1000BaseT is also known as Gigabit Ethernet.
A/H - Application Handling (Wacovia/First Union term). I guess that it means loan applications.
AAA - Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (computer security)
AAC - Advanced Audio Coding - sometimes called MP4. See Also
AACS - Advanced Access Control System (for HD video).
Both Blu-ray and HD-DVD will have AACS. Rumors circulate that
one of both of these two formats will output HDTV only through
HDMI connections, making non-HDMI equipped TVs not-capable of
displaying true HD content. Component video outputs would probably
be limited to 480i, not the 720p or 1080i of true HDTV. Click here for more information
AAL - ATM Adaptation Layer
AAL0 - ATM Adaptation Layer Type 0 refers to raw ATM cells.
AAL1 - ATM Adaptation Layer Type 1 supports constant bit rate, time-dependent traffic such as voice
and video.
AAL2 - ATM Adaptation Layer Type 2 reserved for variable bit rate video transfer.
AAL3/4 - ATM Adaptation Layer Type 3/4 supports variable bit rate, delay-tolerant data traffic
requiring some sequencing and/or error detection support.
AAL5 - ATM Adaptation Layer Type 5 supports variable bit rate, delay-tolerant connection-oriented
data traffic requiring minimal sequencing or error detection support.
AAS - IBM accounting assistant series (Customer ordering system)
AB - Ability to Perform (one of the Common features in a CMMI PA).
ABAP - A Breed APart (web server)
ABARA - is a budget managing system organized as a top-down budget authoring application which allows
you to start with general organizational definitions and apply these to increasingly more
specific program instances.
ABARS -
ABE - Access-Based Enumeration (windows - allows hiding files and folders).
ABI - Application Binary Interface - defines how app interfaces should run on various architectures.
ablubber - a NetApp test
abnormal exit - Occurs when the mobile device crashes. (BREW)
If the battery is accessible, removing it is the easiest way to perform an abnormal exit.
ABR - Area Border Router (located on the boarder of two or more OSPF areas. It connects
those areas to the backbone network.
abstract - specifies that a class or method will be implemented later, in a sub-class.
abstract schema - The part of an entity bean's deployment descriptor that defines the bean's psersistent
fields and relationships.
abstract schema name - A logical name that is referenced in Enterprise JavaBeans Query Language queries
AC - the Access Channel is used to carry mobile telephone responses to paging commands that
are received from the base station and for messages that are created for call
origination requests. (3G).
AC - Access control. DLC byte on the IEEE 802.5 token-ring network that contains the token
indicator and frame priority information.
AC - Authentication Center
AC-3 - Dolby Digital (formerly known as Dolby AC-3, where AC-3 is short for
audio coding 3) is the de facto surround sound standard in today's
home theaters.
ACA - auto contingent allegiance (SCSI/iSCSI)
accept - A firewall-filtering rule decision to pass a packet through to its next destination.
access control - The methods by which interactions with resources are limited to collections of users or programs
for the purpose of enforcing integrity, confidentiality, or availablility constraints.
access density - A measure of performance per unit storage capacity. Generally computed as throughput (in IOPS)
divided by the capacity (in Gigabytes).
ACCH - Associated Control Channel
ACD - Automatic Call Distribution
ACE - ADAPTIVE Communication Environment (ACE) is an open-source software toolkit created to
solve network programming challenges. Written in C++.
ACELP - Algebaic Code Excited Linear Prediction (aren't you glad you asked?)
ACH - Automated Clearing House - 31 CFR Part 210, Federal Government Participation in the ACH.
The ACH system is the primary electronic funds transfer (EFT) system used by agencies
to make payments, and the Financial Management Service anticipates that agencies
increasingly will use the ACH system to collect funds.
Part 210 provides the regulatory foundation for use of the ACH system by agencies.
It defines the rights and liabilities of agencies, Federal Reserve Banks, financial
institutions, and the public, in connection with ACH credit entries, debit entries,
and entry data originated or received by an agency through the ACH system.
ACID - The (JAVA) acronym for the four properties guarenteed by transactions: atomicitiy,
consistency, isolation and durability.
ACK - Acknowledgment
ACL - Access Control List (determines if a user can have access)
ACP - Associate Computer Professional. The award for successful completion of an examination
in computers offered by the ICCP.
ACP - Association of Contingency Planners
ACPI - Advanced Configuration and Power Interface Speficiation
acronym - For a good discussion, see wordIQ
ACS - Automatic Code Synchronization
acsc - Adaptec PCI? SCSI Controller, Intel, based on CHIM firmware code. Internal driver only.
The user configures acsc devices using the apsc name.
ACSLS - Automated Cartridge System Library Software
ACT - Advanced Customer Testing
active copper - a gigabit physical cabling connection that allows as much as 30 m of copper cabling between devices
Active device - A set of files consisting of a resource file (.qsc extension) and device image files
(.bmp extension),interpreted by the Emulator to emulate the device.
The Device Configurator creates the resource file. BREW
Active zone set - the zone set that is active across all directors and switches in a multiswitch fabric.
Activity Diagram - An analysis model that shows a dynamic view of a system by depicting
the flow from one activity to another. Similar to a flowchart.
actor - A person playing a specific role, a software system, or a hardware
device that interacts with a system to achieve a useful goal.
also called a User Role.
AD - Agile Design. Click here for more info
AD - Active Directory. A Microsoft Windows 2000 directory system that stores information from many
sources in a centraly controlled and distributed hierarchical structure. "AD/2003" available.
AD - Access Database
ADA - Americans with Disabilities Act
ADAM - Active Directory Application Mode (Windows - used for authentication, authorization,...
See also: Mastering Windows Server 2003 Upgrade Edition for SP1 and R2
adapter class - (Java) An adapter class is a class that implements an interface required by an application
programming interface (API). Using Adapter classes makes it easier to handle events.
adaptive maintenance - Activity associated with with changing an application to make it confrom to
changes in its external environment.
address identifier - in FC, a 24-bit value used to indicate the link-level address of the communicating
devices; in a frame header, the address identifier indicates the source ID and
destination ID of the frame.
ADE - Automatic delivery Engine - The ADE runs on a server and manages the transfer of
messages to a wireless device.
ADEServerName - is the machine name on which the ADE runs.
ADF - Automatic Document Feeder
ADFS - ADFS - Active Directory Federation Services (Windows). See also: Mastering Windows Server 2003 Upgrade Edition for SP1 and R2
ADM - Application Development and Management
admission policy - A policy in a system with QoS guarantees to determine whether enough resources are
avaialble to serve (admit) a request. Otherwise, the request is rejected.
ADO - ActiveX Data Object. A Microsoft data access technology that enables your client applications
to access and manipulate data from a database server or any other data store through an OLE DB
provider. Supercedes DAO. Sometimes called just Active Data Objects. Click here for more info
Abobe Photoshop CS - is Adobe Photoshop Version 8
Adobe Photoshop CS2 - is Adobe Photoshop Version 9
ADO.NET - the data-access component of the Microsoft .NET Framework—works with any component
on any platform that understands XML. Get a solid handle on ADO.NET and learn
how to exploit the database functionality of Microsoft Visual Basic® .NET.
ADO.NET interacts with XML and can access older versions of ADO from the
.NET environment.
ADP - Alternate Data Path (ATF [AutomaTic Failover]/Tresspass)
ADPCM - Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation. ADPCM analyzes a succession
of samples and predicts the value of the next sample. In then computes the difference
of the actual sample and the expected sample.
ADS - Application Download Server (BREW)
ADSI - Active Directory Services Interface. A set of COM interfaces used for managing network
resources from different network providers in a distributed computing environment.
Used to access the Microsoft Active Directory.
Active Directory Services Interface. A programming interface from Microsoft for accessing
the Microsoft Active Directory (Windows 2000), the directory within Exchange and other
directories via providers. For example, an ADSI LDAP provider converts between LDAP
and ADSI. Based on COM, ADSI can be used in Visual Basic and other programming languages.
See Active Directory and LDAP.
Active Directory Scripting Interface.
ADSL - asymmetric DSL. See also
ADT - autological driver transfer (of disks that failover)
ADW - Accounting Data Warehouse
ADW - Agent Defeat Warhead - a warhead to destroy chemical & biological weapons
AdWare - Software, almost always installed on you system in secret, that keeps displaying Ads.
It is often combined with Spyware.
AEE - Application Execution Environment (BREW)
AEN - asynchronous event notification
Aero - A graphics card specification - a Windows Vista option. Click for more info
AFAIK - as far as I know
AFCI - Arc Fault Circuit Interrupter. For more AFCI information
AFE - Authorization for Expenditure
AFCC - RSA's Anti-Fraud Command Center (RSA is owned by EMC)
affined - in DG/UX, affine simply means to assign a thread to a particular processor (or group
of processors) where it can run. This might be based on which processor's memory
contains related data (or the data may be moved to correspond with the affine).
AFIPS - American Federation of Information Processing Societies Inc. DISBANDED
AFM - Area Financial Manager
AFT - Assured File Transfer
Afx - MFC's global functions begin with "Afx". Class member functions can only be called
in the context of the objects to which tehy belong, but AFX functions are available
anytime, anywhere.
AfxAbort - Unconditionally terminates an application; usually called when an unrecoverable
error occurs
AfxBeginThread - Creates a new thread and begins executing it
AfxEndThread - Terminates the thread that is currently executing
AfxMessageBox - Displays a Windows message box
AfxGetApp - Returns a pointer to the application object
AfxGetAppName - Returns the name of the application
AfxGetMainWnd - Returns a pointer to the application's main window
AfxGetInstanceHandle - Returns a handle identifying the current application instance
AfxRegisterWndClass - Registers a custom WNDCLASS for an MFC application
agent - Software that processes queries and returns replies
AGP - Accelerated Graphics Port. more info
aGPS - (Assisted Global Positioning System) is a method used for determining mobile station
(MS) location in terms of universal latitude and longitude coordinates. This
capability has been mandated for wireless carriers in the United States by the
Federal Communication Commission so emergency callers can be easily located in
times of crisis.
aGPS implies that the mobile not only has GPS hardware and software but that the
wireless network is providing the mobile with short assistance messages.
The phone itself will not display the longitude and latitude information.
AGCH - Access Grant Channel
aggregation - The virtualization method of collecting various extents into a large storage pool. Or the
networking method of combining multiple links together to make a single, bigger link (trunking).
AH - Additional Header ;; authentication header (with IPsec)
AHIMA - American Health Information Management Association
AHS - additional header segment
AI - Artificial Intelligence
AI - Acquisition Indicator
AICH - Acquisition Indicator CHannel
AIDs - Access Identifiers (TL1)
AIFF - Audio Interchange File Format - created by Apple Computer
AIMD - Active Implantable Medical Device Directive (Europen medical devices).
Implanted defibrillators, drug delivery systems, pacemakers, etc.
AIN - Advanced Intelligent Network
AIT - Advanced Intelligent Tape; tape drive architecture
AIX - Advanced Interactive Executive (IBM's UNIX)
AJAX - Asynchronous JavaScript and XML - a technique for implementing Web applications
Click here for more AJAX information
AL - Arbitrated Loop
ALDC - Adaptive Lossless Data Compression (used in AIT tape drives)
ALCAP - Access Link Control Access Part
ALP - Advanced Lighting Package
ALPA - Arbitrated Loop Port Address. The upper 16 bits of a 24-bit port address form a loop
identifier, while the lowest order byte is called an Arbitrated Loop Port Address (ALPA).
alpha test - The first test of newly developed hardware or software in a laboratory setting.
When all the bugs have been fixed, the product next goes into beta test with
actual users. See beta test and beta version.
ALS - Advanced Loan Systems
ALU - Allocation Unit Size. File systems allocate disk storage tio files using ALU
AM - Agile Modeling. Click here for more info
AMD - Advanced Micro Systems - makes CPUs - competes with Intel
AMD-V - AMD virtualization ("Pacifica"). See also
AMI - Alternative mark inversion (T1 lines). A pulse T1 line coding scheme using alternate
polarities in the pulse train.
AMPC - AdMin PC - runs both M3W and WinAlert for AV 2x0000 and AV 3x000 Aviions
Audubon Management PC
AMPS - Advanced Mobile Phone Service.
AMR - Adaptive Multirate
AMS - Application Management Services
AMW - Array Menu Window - also Storage Sub-system Window.
The GUI that shows a specific data storage sub-system being managed.
anaconda - Red Hat system installer used in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3.0
analysis of variance - Analysis of variance is a statistical technique for analyzing data that
tests for a difference between two or more means by comparing the
variances *within* groups and variances *between* groups.
analytical modeling - The modeling technique that uses mathematical expressions to represent the relationships
between modeled system components
anamorphic - video enhanced for Widescreen TVs (1.78:1 aspect ratio, also called "16 by 9").
ANI - Automatic Number Identification (caller ID)
Annotated XM - annotated version of the XML 1.0 Specification (document)
anonymous space - is space which has no name (i.e., no permanent identity).
anonymous space is the total of main memory PLUS swap space.
ANSI - American National Standards Institute. Click here for more info
Ant - Apache Ant is a Java-based build tool. In theory, it is kind of
like Make, but without Make's wrinkles. Click here for more info
Ant is the definitive build tool for Java developers.
ANT - Automated Nightly Test
AOD - Atomic Op Depth - #times VP obtained a critical resource (kernel lock)
AoE - ATA over Ethernet, a lightweight IP storage protocol.
Click here for more AoE Information
AON - Application Orientated Networking (a Cisco development group)
AOP - aspect-oriented programming (often a Java consideration)
AP - Access Preamble; Application Processor; Access Point
AP-AICH - Access Preamble Acquisition Indicator Channel
APCS - ARM Procedure Call Standard
APE - Commonly called Monkey's Audio is a royalty-free lossless format.
API - Application Programming Interface
Application Manager - Generically refers to an application that displays individual icons for selecting and running an application.
AQR - await quantum runout
AP - Agile Patterns. Click here for more info
AP - Asian-Pacific market
Apache - the most popular Web server on the internet. It comes free with most versions of Linux.
APC - Adaptive Process Control; Array Parity Check ; ambulatory payment classifications
APCS - ARM Procedure Call Standard. BREW
APD - Assembly Procedure Document (special setup instructions for purchased parts)
apen - 64-bit SCSI controller card
Apex - IBM's Rational Apex Family. he IBM Rational Apex® tool is the centerpiece of
an extensive family of Rational Ada tools that provide support for modern software
practices throughout the software lifecycle. These practices include:
* Controlled iterative development to reduce risk and improve time-to-market
* Object-oriented technology to simplify communication about real-world constructs
* Architecture-based design to foster large-scale software reuse and software that
is adaptable in response to changing operational conditions
* Iterative testing throughout the entire development lifecycle
From initial the high-level analysis through design, coding, testing, and debugging
to maintenance, the Rational Apex family helps you reduce the risks associated with
developing complex software systems and helps you improve the quality of your software.
Other members of the Rational Apex family include TestMate (test management,
test generation, and coverage analysis), Ada Analyzer (static code analysis and
coding standards enforcement), and AXI (Ada X-bindings).
IBM Rational Apex is also integrated with Rational Suite products including IBM
Rational ClearCase, ClearQuest, SoDA, and Rose.
Click here for more info
APEX - Application EXchange
API - Application Programmable Interface ;; Application Programming Interface
API - All Parts In (to manuafacturing, ready to go ahead)
APIC - Advanced Programmer Interupt Controller - handles interupts that occur on this node - Intel
APM - Array Policy Module (IBM)
APON - ATM Based PONs
APP - Application
APPC - Advanced Program-to-Program Communications (IBM)
APPL - Application
Applet - A class that supports the base IApplet interface. This interface is used by the
BREW AEE to load an applet, dispatch events, and terminate an applet. In this
document, it is also used synonymously with the word “application.”
Applets are Java programs you can download and run in your Web browser,
and they're what has made Java so popular. Click here for more info
applet container - a container that includes support for the applet programming model.
appliance - a network product designed to perform a specialized task with minimal user administration.
application assembler - A person that combines components and modules into deployable applications units.
application client - A first-tier client component that executes in its own Java virtual machine. Application
clientshave access to some 9JNDI, JDBC, RMI-IIOP, JMS) J2EE platform APIs.
application component provider - A vendor that provides tha Java classes that implement components' methods,
JSP page definitions, and ant required deployment descriptors.
Application Layer Protocol - The layer of information that gives meaning to transmitted data
Application Manager - Generically refers to an application that displays individual icons for
selecting and running an application.
ApplicationServerName - is the machine name on which the Content Provider’s application runs.
application server - is software hosted by the connect provider that transmists content to devices
using the ADE server and the WMS SDK.
apsc - Adaptec PCI SCSI Controller, Intel, based on HIM firmware code.
APT - Application Test Software (some examples: MEMTEST, ATEST)
appware - NVSRAM (IBM)
APR - Array Parity Repair
APWG - Anti-Phishing Working Group. APWG - Anti-Phishing Working Group
Click here for more information on Phishing
ARB - Adapter Request Block
arbitrated loop - shared 100-MBps Fibre Channel transport supporting as many as 126 devices and 1 fabric attachment.
area - a set of network segments and their attached devices
ARIB - The Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (Japan).
ARM - Advanced RISC Machines
ARP/RARP - Address Resolution Protocol / Reverse Address Resolution Protocol. A high-level
network protocol running over TCP/IP that identifies network hardware addresses
on a LAN given an IP address.
ARQ - Automatic Repeat Request
arrival theorem - (queueing theory) States that a job arriving at a queue in a closed queuing network with N
jobs, will see a queue length in front of it as if the system had N-1 jobs.
AS - Autonomous system ;; Address Space ;; Access Stratum
AS/400 - Family of IBM minicomputers
ASA - Advanced Scsi Architecture
ASAM - Alcatel 7300 ASAM DSL Subscriber Access Platform (ASAM)
ASAM - Standardisation of Automation an Measuring Systems (created by German car makers)
ASAP - Automated Selection and Audit Process - Mainstar Software Corporation's product
ASARA - As Soon As reasonably Achievable
ASB - Advanced Server Board (a modem replacement on AV 8700's)
ASBR - Autonomous System Boundary Router. An ABR located between an OSPF autonomous
system and a non-OSPF network.
ASC - additonal sense code (SCSI)
ASC - Access Service Class
ASCE - American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange
ASCQ - additional sense code qualifier (SCSI)
ASE - Array Software Engineering
ASE - 1) Amplified Spontaneous Emissions. Noise is added to an optical signal when it is
amplified. This noise (or ASE) accumulates and builds in optical spans that
have multiple optical amplifiers between regenerators.
2) Application Service Element.
3) Adaptive Server Environment (Sybase product)
ASET - Automated Security Enhancement Tool (Sun)
ASIC - Application Specific Integrated Circuit
ASIC - Application Specific Integrated Circuit. Chip designed for a specific task
ASL - vendor unique software for recognition of the LSI array to work with DMP
ASM - Advanced System Management
ASMP - ASymmetric Multi-Processor (a type of MP)
ASN.1 - Abstract Syntax Notation One - is a formal language developed and standardized by
CCITT: X.208 and ISO, ISO 8824
ASP - Active Server Pages. A Microsoft server-based scripting language that combines HTML and script
code into a single file. Can be used create all kinds of dynamic pages.
Active Server Pages (ASP) has long been the foundation for creating rich
and dynamic Web sites using server-side scripting. You can construct
server-side code using any of the languages that are compatible with the
.NET Framework including ASP.NET , and ADO.NET.
Average Selling Price; Authorized Service Provider
ASP - application service provider
Aspen Board set - Intel's Bear and Aspen IOMB together.
ASPI - Advanced SCSI Programming Interface. See also
ASQ - American Society for Quality
assertion - A Boolean statement to a program's debug version that tests a condition that should
evaluate as TRUE, providing the program is working correctly.
Assertion Testing - (NBS) A dynamic analysis technique which inserts assertions about the relationship between
program variables into the program code. The truth of the assertions is determined as the
program executes.
AST - Automatic Spanning Tree. A function that supports the automatic resolution of
spanning trees in SRB (Source-Route Bridging) networks, providing a single
path for spanning explorer frames to traverse from a given node in the network
to another. AST is based on the IEEE 802.1 standard.
Asterisk - an open source Internet telephony (VoIP) system than runs on Linux.
ASU - Application Storage Unit [SPC-1]
ASUP - AutoSUPport (email from appliances in the field)
Asynchronous Notification - the ATAPI device itself will notify the host of changes to the media.
See also
AT-holes - 640K-1MB - globally mapped at high address plus local availability
ATA - AT Attachment ;; advanced technology attachment
ATA - analog telephone adaptor (VoIP)
ATC - Address Translation Cache
ATE - Automatic Test Equipment. Machines that test electronic systems, primarily chips. See EDA and DTA.
ATF - AuTomatic Failover
ATH - Another Test Harness
ATL - Active Template Library is basically a set of template classes provided by Microsoft for
writing COM components
ATM - Asynchronous Transfer Mode. A communication protocol designed to offer much higher data
transmission speeds over existing networks than traditional methods such as Ethernet.
See also
ATM commands -
ATM - Active Thread manager - controls all of the other threads
ATO - Assemble to Order
ATP - Available-to-Promise (Business systems analyst term)
ATPG - Automatic Test Pattern Generator
ATRAC - A lossy format developed by Sony that offers approximately 5-to-1 compression and
is used on all MiniDiscs. ATRAC3 is an improved version & used by Sony music sites.
ATS - authority to ship || acceptance test schedule || automatic test system
ATTR - attributes
ATU - Address Translation Unit
ATU-C - ATU-C stands for ADSL Termination Unit - Central (Office). ATU-R stands for ADSL Termination
Unit - Remote. These two devices are the ADSL modems that sit on either side of the
telco copper loop. In other words, the ATU-C/R are fancy words for ADSL modems.
The ATU-R is a self-contained box suitable for customer use, including an AC adapter
for powering. The ATU-C is packaged into Central Office type equipment.
ATU-C/R - TU-C stands for ADSL Termination Unit - Central (Office). ATU-R stands for ADSL
Termination Unit - Remote. These two devices are the ADSL modems that sit on
either side of the telco copper loop. In other words, the ATU-C/R are fancy
words for ADSL modems. The ATU-R is a self-contained box suitable for customer
use, including an AC adapter for powering.
ATVEF - Advanced Television Enhancement Forum. An industry group dedicated to creating standards
for the future combination of Internet content with ordinary broadcast television,
using IP, HTML & JavaScript.
AUC - Authentication Center
audio - We typically mean some form of audible music (or sound).
AUI - Attachment unit interface
AUP - Acceptable Use Policy
AUT - Application Under Test
AUTH - TCP sevice port 113, associated with the identd user authentication server.
authentication - A means of verifying the indentity of a network device before data transmission is initiated.
The process by which an entity proves to another entity that it is acting on behalf of a specific
identity. The J2EE platform requires three types of authentication: basic, form-based and
mutual, and supports digest authentication.
authorization - The process by which access to a method or resource is determined. Authorization in the J2EE
platform depends upon the determination of whether the principlal associated with a request
through authentication is in a given security role.
autofs - A file system type used for automatic mounting via NFS. See automounter.
Automated Security Enhancement Tool - (ASET) Sun's tool for assessing the security
posture of a system. The user specifies the
level (low, medium or high) of checking
to be performed.
Automated Testing - Software testing which is assisted with software technology that does not require operator
(tester) input, analysis, or evaluation.
automounter - Sun's software that automatically mounts a directory when a user
requests it (e.g., with a cd command).
autoSPID - Automatic service profile identifier. A feature of terminal adapter; it downloads
SPID information from a compatible switch.
AV - Anti-Virus (software)
AVAIL - availability or uptime
availability - The degree to which a system stays up (running) within acceptable limits of performance and
without any unrecoverable failures.
AVI - old Windows video clip format.
AVL - Approved Vendor List
AVP - Audio/Video Profile
AVR - Automatic Voltage Regulation/Regulator. More info
AVR - Audio Video Receiver. More info
AVT - Auto-Volume Transfer (IBM) (LUN Failover mode) - used if not using an RDAC.
AVT - autological volume transfer (of disks that failover)
avt - Audio/Video Transport (avt) - IETF working group
AVT - Address Validation Table (Snet data structure)
AID - Cisco Architecture for Voice, Video and Integrated Data
await quantum runout - bound thread group blocked in the dispatcher for more than 4 seconds
AWG - American Wire Gauge
AWGN - Additive White Gaussian Noise
AWT - Abstract Window Toolkit. the original java class library for providing platform independent support for GUIs.
Axix - xis is Apache's major entry for web services development.
b - BOOL - Windows header file Hungarian notation
B311/Hub - IBM's Building B311, in RTP is the buildup Hub for some of their hardware
B-ISDN - Another version of ISDN, called B-ISDN, uses broadband transmission and is able to
support transmission rates of 1.5 Mbps.
B-ISDN requires fiber optic cables and is not widely available
B-ICI - BISDN Inter Carrier Interface (ATM PNNI Signalling)
b-link bus - Designed by Dolphin. Handles transactions between SCC and LC2.
(B)IQ - Busines IQ - understanding the busines, not understanding the business systems.
B channel - Bearer channel. A 64Kbps channel that is end-user data
BA - Business Analyst
backend storage - The next layer of storage in a storeage hierarchy behind any virtualization interface.
For example, backend disks behind a disk arry controller.
BACP - Bandwidth Allocation Control Protocol (PPP suite)
BAP - Bandwidth Allocation Protocol (PPP suite)
BAR - BREW Applet Resource. The binary output file from the Resource Editor
BAR - Base Address Register
base level code - code accessed by Users
baseline - A configuration item that has been formally reviewed and agreed upon, that thereafter serves
as the basis for further development, and that can be changed only through formal change
control procedures.
BAT - Board Availability Tool
BB_Credit - Also known as Buffer-to-Buffer Credit. Indicates the maximum
number of frames a port can transmit without receiving a receive
ready signal from the receiving device.
BBU - battery backup unit
BC - Business Controls (IBM)
BCAM - Business Case Analysis Methodology
BCAST - Broadcast Protocol (Novell protocols)
BCC - Broadcast Call Control
BCI - BREW Compressed Image. A BCI file consists of a series of graphic images
compressed and combined, using the BREW Compressed Image Authoring
Tool, to add animation to a BREW application
BCP - Best Current Practice
BCP - Bridging Control Protocol (PPP suite)
BCS - Block CheckSums (data integrity) ;; Business Consulting Services
BCT - Backward Compatibility Testing (a kind of QA testing)
BCV - Business Continuation Volume
B-D - Bandwidth times Delay (a network characteristic)
BDC - Backup Domain Controller. A Windows NT Server installation that holds a read-only backup copy of
security and other information for a network domain. Can authenticate users, and be promoted to
a PDC in case of failure of the primary machine.
BDGRAM - Boot Datagram Subsystem - supports diskless boot.
BDM - Background Debug Manager
BDR - Backup Designated Router. In OSPF, a backup to the DR.
BDS - BREW Distribution System
BE - Build Environment
BEA - (they say) BEA Systems, Inc. is the world's leading application infrastructure software company
BEA Weblogic -
Bean-test - EJB component testing
BECN - Backward Explicit Congestion Notification
beds - back-end devices
BEEP - Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol over TCP (IETF)
Behavioral modeling - Representing the mode of behavior (called states) of an application and the events that
cause transitions from state to state.
BEM - Back End Manager
benchmarks - Programs that provide performance comparison for software, hardware, and systems.
The concept of discovering what is the best performance being achieved,
whether in your company, by a competitor, or by an entirely different
industry.
Benchmarking is an improvement tool whereby a company measures its
performance or process against other companies' best practices,
determines how those companies achieved their performance levels,
and uses the information to improve its own performance.
Benchmarking is a continuous process whereby an enterprise measures
and compares all its functions, systems and practices against strong
competitors, identifying quality gaps in the organization, and striving
to achieve competitive advantage locally and globally.
BER - Binary Error Rate
BERT - Bit Error Rate Test
Best Practice - A way or method of accomplishing a business function or process that is considered to be
superior to all other known methods.
A lesson learned from one area of a business that can be passed on to another area of the
business or between businesses.
Beta testing - Testing that is conducted by the user, before the final release of a product.
BFS - Boot File System
BGA - Ball Grid Array, chip (solder) connection method.
BGP - BGP stands for Border Gateway Protocol. The popular "BGP" protocol that people
speak of ("Can a Cisco 2501 speak BGP?") in use is actually BGP4 (which differs from BGP3
the same way that RIPv2 differs from the old RIP protocol - in that BGP4 and RIPv2 (the
result of what some call "unsuccessful brain surgery" on the original RIP protocol) allow
the announcement of "classless routes" - routes that aren't strictly on "Class A",
"Class B", or "Class C" boundaries - but instead can also be "subnets" or "supernets").
For more information on "classless" or "CIDR" routes, see April's Boardwatch column.
Introduction to the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
Joe's BGP Page.
bgp-4 - Border Gateway Protocol (TCP/IP)
BHO - Browser Helper Object - while not developed for that purpose, has become a big help tp spammers.
BHS - basic header segment (SCSI)
BI - Business Intelligence - is driven by an understanding of the business,
rather than than an understanding of business systems.
BIA - Business Impact Analysis
bias - Bias in a sample is the presence or influence of any factor that causes the population or process
being sampled to appear different from what it actually is. Bias is introduced into a sample
when data is collected without regard to key factors that may influence it.
BIB - Block Interface Board Provides the bridge between the snoop based P6 bus protocol and the
directory based inter-node SCI protocol. Connects the P6 bus to the BLINK bus. One side
attaches to a slot-2 connector and the other to a SCIFI connector.
BIB Terminator - Intel-designed board which terminates the BIB board Or fifth CPU slot when there is no BIB
in the block. Also, Called the FSB, CPU, or Cluster terminator.
BICI - BISDN Inter Carrier Interface (ATM PNNI Signaling)
BID - BREW ClassID - 32 bit number
BID - Bus Identifier (Clariion/K10).
bidir-PIM - A variant of the Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) suite of routing protocols for
IP multicast. In PIM, packet traffic for a multicast group is routed according
to the rules of the mode configured for that multicast group.
big endian - Most Significant byte first, 1122h stored as 1122h, Motorola 68k and SUN format.
big-endian adj. [common; From Swift's "Gulliver's Travels" via the famous paper "On Holy Wars
and a Plea for Peace" by Danny Cohen, USC/ISI IEN 137, dated April 1, 1980]
1. Describes a computer architecture in which, within a given multi-byte numeric representation,
the most significant byte has the lowest address (the word is stored `big-end-first').
Most processors, including the IBM 370 family, the PDP-10, the Motorola microprocessor families,
and most of the various RISC designs are big-endian.
Big-endian byte order is also sometimes called `network order'.
See little-endian, middle-endian, NUXI problem, swab.
2. An Internet address <../i/Internet_address.html> the wrong way round.
Most of the world follows the Internet standard and writes email addresses starting with the
name of the computer and ending up with the name of the country. In the U.K. the Joint Networking
Team had decided to do it the other way round before the Internet domain standard was established.
Most gateway sites have ad-hockery <../a/ad-hockery.html> in their mailers to handle this, but can
still be confused. In particular, the address me@uk.ac.bris.pys.as could be interpreted in JANET's
big-endian way as one in the U.K. (domain uk) or in the standard little-endian way as one in the
domain as (American Samoa) on the opposite side of the world.
Big "Q" - Distinguishing the professional and concepts of Quality from that of the word quality.
BIODs - demons used to clean pages from VM cache - 2 types: one for anonymous data & other data flushes
BIOS - Basic Input-Output System (CPU board low level firmware). Audubon1 used a Pheonix-based BIOS.
Audubon2 is using An Intel-based BIOS with DG User Binary extensions. Click here for more info
BIP - Break into Production - phase in the new item (IBM)
BIP - Bit Interleaved Parity. In ATM, a method used to monitor errors in a link. A check bit or
word is sent in the link overhead for the previous block or frame. Bit errors in the
payload can then be detected and reported in maintenance information.
BIRT - Build Integration Release Testing
BIS - Boot Integrity Service
BIST - Built-In Self Test (hardware feature)
bit - n. [from the mainstream meaning and `Binary digIT']
1. [techspeak] The unit of information; the amount of information obtained by asking a yes-or-no
question for which the two outcomes are equally probable.
2. [techspeak] A computational quantity that can take on one of two values, such as true and false
or 0 and 1.
3. A mental flag: a reminder that something should be done eventually. "I have a bit set for you."
(I haven't seen you for a while, and I'm supposed to tell or ask you something.)
4. More generally, a (possibly incorrect) mental state of belief. "I have a bit set that says that
you were the last guy to hack on EMACS." (Meaning "I think you were the last guy to hack on EMACS,
and what I am about to say is predicated on this, so please stop me if this isn't true.")
"I just need one bit from you" is a polite way of indicating that you intend only a short interruption
for a question that can presumably be answered yes or no.
A bit is said to be `set' if its value is true or 1, and `reset' or `clear' if its value is false or 0.
One speaks of setting and clearing bits.
To toggle or `invert' a bit is to change it, either from 0 to 1 or from 1 to 0. See also flag,
trit, mode bit.
The term `bit' first appeared in print in the computer-science sense in a 1948 paper by information
theorist Claude Shannon, and was there credited to the early computer scientist John Tukey (who
also seems to have coined the term `software'). Tukey records that `bit' evolved over a lunch table
as a handier alternative to `bigit' or `binit', at a conference in the winter of 1943-44.
bitblit - (BIT BLock Transfer) In computer graphics, a hardware feature that moves a rectangular block of bits
from main memory into display memory. It speeds the display of moving objects (animation, scrolling)
on screen.
A hardware bitblt provides fastest speed, but bitblts are also implemented in software even in
non-graphics systems. For example, text scrolls faster when it is copied as a contiguous block
(bitblt) to the next part of the window rather than processing every character on every line.
See stretch blt.
BITS - Background Intelligence Transfer Services (part of MS's SMS [System Management Server] 2003)
software updates & deployment
BIU - B-link Interface Unit. Within SCC. Responsible for mapping, protection, and routing of
incoming packets
Black Belt - Six Sigma team leaders responsible for implementing process improvement projects
(DMAIC or DFSS ) within the business -- to increase customer satisfaction levels
and business productivity. Black Belts are knowledgeable and skilled in the use
of the Six Sigma methodology and tools.
Black Belts have typically completed four weeks of Six Sigma training, and have
demonstrated mastery of the subject matter through the completion of project(s)
and an exam.
Black Belts coach Green Belts and receive coaching and support from Master Black Belts.
Black Box Testing - A testing method where the application under test is viewed as a black box and the internal
behavior of the program is completely ignored. Testing occurs based upon the external
specifications. Also known as behavioral testing, since only the external behaviors of
the program are evaluated and analyzed
black hole - Routing term for an area of the internetwork where packets enter, but
do not emerge, due to adverse conditions or poor system configuration
within a portion of the network.
blacklisting - Marking a component bad so that it can not be used.
blade servers - A blade server is a thin, modular electronic circuit board, containing one, two, or more microprocessors and memory, that is
intended for a single, dedicated application (such as serving Web pages) and that
can be easily inserted into a space-saving rack with many similar servers.
blit - see bitblit
block - Compute node comprised of CPU, Memory, IO Boards.
block (special) device - A device that transfers data in blocks.
Blocking - In connectionless networks, a characteristic of a switch, switch fabric, or network
interface implying that it is not capable of handling traffic at the maximum
frame and/or data arrival rate without having to discard traffic (in the worst case)
due to a lack of internal resources.
BLOG - A blog, or weblog, is a personal Web site updated frequently with links, commentary and
anything else you like. New items go on top and older items flow down the page. Blogs
can be political journals and/or personal diaries; they can focus on one narrow subject
or range across a universe of topics. The blog form is unique to the Web -- and highly
addictive. ANYONE CAN ADD/EDIT COMMENTS IN A BLOG.
blogging - Blogging, the publication of running commentary on personal online weblogs
blubber - A multipurpose raw-disk exerciser (NA).
bluefin - Bluefin (formerly SMI-S). Click here for more information.
Blu-ray - Blu-ray is a Sony sponsored HD DVD format. Requires new tooling to create Blu-ray DVDs,
as opposed to the competing HD-DVD format, which currently, 12/2005,
will have a slightly smaller capacity, but existing DVD creating hardware
can be adapted to create HD-DVDs.
Blu-ray's ROM mark embeds a unique, and not-detectable, identifier on the Blu-ray DVD.
Blu-ray's BD+ allows content providers to dynamically update compromised
code, allowing Blu-ray to fight hacking.
bluetooth
Bluebugging - stealing mobile phone commands
Bluejacking - sending unsolicited text messages
Bluesniping - using a laptop and powerful antenna to attack from a distance
Bluesnarfing - stealing information
BM - Buffer Manager - responsible for a service that buffers data from physical or logical
media in physical memory. also = BOM.
BMC - Board Monitor Controller Server Management programmable controller chip on the Intel IO Board.
BMP - Best Management Practices
BMP - Bitmap (screen image)
BMP (Burst) - Burst Mode Protocol (Novell protocols)
BMT - BenchMark Test
BNC - Bayonet Network Connector (uses coax)[Thin Ethernet]/[cheapernet]/[10base2] cables.
BNF - Backus-Naur Form - a formal method of describing computer language grammers.
BOF - Birds Of a Feather
BOL - Bugs On-Line
BOM - Bill of Material
BOOTP - A network service that provides boot information (e.g., IP addresses) to clients.
Contrast with DHCP. bootp is an alternative to RARP for booting diskless workstations.
BOOTPC - UDP service port 68, associated with the BOOTP and DHCP clients.
bootpd - The BOOTP server program.
BOOTPS - UDP service port 67, associated with the BOOTP and DHCP servers.
bootware - firmware (IBM)
bots (Internet) - A Bot is a software program that acts as an agent, but it could
be an agent working for you, perhaps a stock trading bot, or
more commonly, the Bot could be Malware, trying to steal your
bank account numbers, SS#, Login IDs and Passwords. On person,
caught in 2005, actually had 1 1/2 Million computers doing his
evil bidding, through the use of Bots. Click
botnets - a collection of software robots, or bots, which run by themselves.
bound thread - a thread that is permanently associated with the LWP that is running the thread.
bound thread grp- thread group that has wired transient data associated with it
Bounding rectangle - Each device object, regardless of its shape, is bounded by a rectangle, as
represented in Windows pixel coordinates. BREW
BPDU - Bridge Protocol Data Unit
BPF - Berkeley Packet Filter
BPI - Business Process Improvement
BPM - Business Process Management
Broadband PON (BPON) - The initial PON specifications defined by the FSAN committee used ATM
as their layer 2 signaling protocol. As such, they became known as ATM-based PONs or APONs.
Use of the term APON led users to believe that only ATM services could be provided to end-users,
so the FSAN decided to broaden the name to Broadband PON. BPON systems offer numerous
broadband services including Ethernet access and video distribution.
B-port - A B-port connects a Fibre Channel fabric switch to a WAN backbone gateway. (SAN)
bps - bits per second
BPT - Branch Prediction Table (processor micro-architecture)
BPTS - Business Performance Transformation Services
BRE - Bridge Relay Encapsulation, proprietary Ascom Timeplex protocol that extends bridging
across WAN links by means of encapsulation (Frame Relay).
BREW - Binary Runtime Environment for Wireless (requires Qualcomm's CDMA chipsets). BREW is an efficient
application development environment that is layered upon public services offered by mobile ASICs.
BREW AEE - BREW Application Execution Environment. The BREW AEE is the environment that allows BREW applets to
be loaded and run. See also
BREW SDK - BREW Software Development Kit. This allows application developers to quickly write and test applets
and modules in a familiar Windows desktop environment.
BREW test plan - The BREW test plan is a set of testing guidelines that help application developers test their
applications thoroughly.
BRI - Basic Rate Interface
BRI - BREW Resource Intermediate. This is the intermediate resource file produced by the Resource Editor
before it is compiled into a BAR file.
BRIC - Brazil, Russia, India and China (collectively known as the BRIC countries)
"bricking" drives - ruining them, so they have the functionality of a brick.
bridge - (1) A component used to attach more than one IO unit to a port.
(2) A data communications device that connects two or more
networks and forwards packets between them. The bridge
may use similar or dissimilar media and signaling systems.
It operates at the data link level of the OSI model.
Bridges read and filter data packets and frames.
Bridge/Router - A device that can provide the functions of a bridge, router or
both, concurrently. A bridge/router can route one or more protocols.
Such as TCP/IP, and bridge all other traffic.
Also Called a Brouter or a Swouter.
BRM - Business Review Meeting
Broadcast frames - Class 3 broadcast frames are transmitted to all N_Ports attached to the
director or switch, regardless of zone membership.
Broadcast storm - unintended flooding of the network with broadcast messages
BRT - Business Review Team
BSC - Backup Site Controller. A server within a Microsoft Message Queue Server site. It stores a backup
copy of the part of the MSMQ Information Store database that applies to the site in case the PSC
should fail.
BSD - Berkeley Software Distribution (Unix)
BSE - Base Station Emulator (BREW)
bsfm - Block Special File Manager - implements standard Unix block special file access to devices.
BSMI - Tiawanese (sp ???) version of UL and PSRB
BSN - Boot Strap Node. Determined by an election of CCB/BIBs The distributed host OS image uses
the BSN for its primary tasks. This means that Shared Memory Interface messages and VIO
activity only take place on the BSN RSIB after a certain point in the boot process.
BSO - boundary firewall (IBM)
BSP - Board Support Package - A BSP typically consists of three major components: firmware that
initializes the SBC into a known state, a basic driver set, and a so-called boot monitor.
BSP - Bootstrap Processor
BSS - Base Station Subsystem (wireless)
BSSAP+ - protocol that manages paging for voice and data connections and optimizes paging for mobile subscribers.
BSSAP+ is also responsible for location and routing updates as well as mobile station alerting.
BSSGP - Base Station System GPRS Protocol (BSSGP): BSSGP processes routing and quality of service (QoS)
information for the BSS. BSSGP uses the Frame Relay Q.922 core protocol as its transport mechanism
BSSMAP - Base Station System Mobile Application Part (wireless)
BSU - Business Scaling Unit. The workload generator in SPC-1. One BSU represents a group of users,
collectively generating a prescribed I/O demand. Each BSU demands 50 I/O operations per second
BT - Business Transformation (IBM)
BT - Bindery Type (used for leaf objects - NetWare)
BT - Byte Tag
BTE - Business Transformation Executive (IBM)
BTE - Block Transfer Engine (a ServerNet thingie)
BTF - Benchmark Technical Forum (conference)
BTO - Business Transformation Outsourcing
BTS - base transceiver station
BUG - A problem in software. The part of code that makes the program behave in an unwanted manner.
The sooner a bug is detected in the Software Lifecycle, lesser would be the cost involved
in fixing it
The term bug came from the fact that a moth flew into an early computer that ran on vacuum
tubes. See also
Business Process Quality Management - Also called Process Management or Reengineering. The concept of defining macro and micro
processes, assigning ownership, and creating responsibilities of the owners.
BURT - BUg Reporting Tool (NetApp)
business risks - The set of potential business problems or occurrences that may cause the project to fail.
Business Rule - A policy, guideline, standard, or regulation that defines or constrains
some apsect of the business.
Fundamental units of work required to complete a business process.
Business rules can be automated by an application program.
BUZZ chip - PCI to PCI bridge chip.
BVA - Boundary Value Analysis (testing) - BVA is different from equivalence partitioning in that it
focuses on "corner cases" or values that are usually out of range as defined by the
specification. This means that if function expects all values in range of negative 100 to
positive 1000, test inputs would include negative 101 and positive 1001. BVA attempts to
derive the value often used as a technique for stress, load or volume testing. This type
of validation is usually performed after positive functional validation has completed
(successfully) using requirements specifications and user documentation.
BVCP - PPP Banyan VINES Control Protocol (PPP suite)
BWC - Best Workplace for Commuters (an EPA certification)
BWWI - Business Warehouse and Workplace Implementation (IBM)
bytecode - Java programs are compiled into compact bytecodes (same idea as compiler
pseudo code), and it's these byteco9des that the Java Virtual Machine (JVM)
(an interpreter) reads and interprets to run your programs.
byte reversal - the process of storing numeric data with the least-significant byte first.
used for integers and addresses on devices with Intel microprocessors.
bytesexual - /bi:t`sek'shu-*l/ adj. [rare] Said of hardware, denotes willingness to compute or pass data in
either
c - char - Windows header file Hungarian notation
C - country
C Tick - Australian version of UL and PSRB
C2 - U.S. government security standard
C2C - City to City (phone, cable term)
CA - Certificate Authority. A (usually) well known and trusted third party that issues certificates
for encryption and verification use. Examples are Verisign and Thawte Consulting.
CA - Channel Adapter; definced by InfiniBand to decouple memory queueing,
memory protection, and I/O from the CPU (JP).
CA - Corrective Action
CAC - Customer Advisory Council
cache - high speed RAM local to CPU for main memory buffering.
Cache Channel 0 - L1 Cache Driver. (Flare CMI Channel Definitions, Phase 2)
Cache Channel 1 - L2 (HI-5)Cache Driver. (Flare CMI Channel Definitions, Phase 2)
Cache Channel 2 - DSA Driver (not implemented in K10). (Flare CMI Channel Definitions, Phase 2)
Cache Coherence - the maintenance of consistent caches in a multi-CPU system.
CAE - Content Acceptance Engine - Runs on a wireless device and accepts data from the ADE. wms
CAEN - Command Aging ENable
CAGR - Compound Annual Growth Rate (a way of quantifying change over time)
caliber request - RFE
call agent - Intelligent entity in an IP telephony network that handles call control in an MGCP
model voice over IP network. Also known as a Media Gateway Controller (MGC).
call manager - Cisco CallManager is the software-based call-processing component of the Cisco IP telephony solution
callpath - Telephony Interface Standard. An IBM-developed standard interface for connecting switches to
PCs to provide automated call handling.
CAM - Common Access Method (SCSI). Click for more info
canonical - DG/UX canonical naming syntax form: sd(qpsc(pci[0-7],0),B),0)
canonical hostname - the one and only official hosthame. All others are considered aliases.
carbonized - A MAC running old OS-9 programs on OS-10 - usually requires some
minor changes to your code.
Carrier - PC board "cage" for plugging boards into/out-of chassis.
CAS - Content-Addressable Storage
CAS - channel associated signaling; Column Address Select (RAM signal)
CASE - Computer Aided Software Engineering
cascade - connecting two or more FC hubs or fabric switches to increase the number of ports, or to
extend distances.
Castor - Castor is a popular XML and data binding framework for Java.
CAT - Cabinet Availability Tool
CAT.5 - catagory 5 (Ethernet cable)
catch - Catches excpeptions generated by a TRY (Java)
Catenet - A collection of networks (typically LANs) interconnected at the Data Link layer
using bridges. Also known as a bridged LAN.
cause-effect graphing - A black-box testing method
CBC - Cipher Block Chaining. A special DES encryption mode that combines blocks of the message together
before encrypting them to provide higher levels of security. Usually referred to as DES-CBC.
CBN - Continuing Business Need (IBM) - need to prove why you still need whatever it is.
CBR - Constant Bit Rate
CBT - Core Based Trees - a sparse mode multicast routing protocol that uses a single shared
tree to deliver multicast messages between members of multicast groups regardless
of their location.
CBT - Computer Based Training
CC - Cluster Control
cc - cache-coherent
CCB - Change Control Board - The person(s) who have responsibility for deciding whether
a change is to be made.
CCDL - Controller Code DownLoad (download of computer Storage Controller Firmware)
CCHECK - SUN checking C++ results
CCET - Continuous Customer Environment Testing
CCI - Command Control Interface
CCITT - International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (after the French),
CCMP - Counter Mode with Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication Code Protocol -
is an IEEE 802.11i encryption protocol. See also
ccNUMA - cache-coherent NonUniform Memory Access. An extension of SMP designed to solve the bandwidth
and scaling issues.
CCP - Connection Control Protocol (SIPv1).
CCP - Compression Control Protocol (PPP suite).
CCPCH - Common Control Physical Channel (wireless)
CCS - Common Channel Signalling; Certified Coding Specialist (Healthcare IT)
CCS - Controlled Cryptography Service
CCT - tool LPG of configuration and safety of Linux waiter
CCT - Communication Control Table - To control communication, the kernel maintains a Communication
Control Table or CCT that controls what communication can take place between processes
in different compartments. It also controls what communication can take place with
network interfaces from a given compartment. Most communication mechanisms are
supported including IP, shared memory, semaphores, and message queues). Communication
between processes in the same compartment is not restricted by the CCT.
CCT - China Coast Time
CCT.sh -
CD - Compact Disk. Click here for more info
CD - Committee Draft - ISO
CD/CA-ICH - Collision Detection/Channel Assignment Indicator Channel (wireless)
CDB - Control/Command Descriptor Block
CDC - Cache Directory Controller. Provides cache coherent bridge between multi-processing nodes.
ASIC responsible for managing all communication and coherency between SCI and P6 busses.
CDDI - Copper Distributed Data Interface - good for about 90 yards/100 meters.
CDE - Common Desktop Environment. A windowing system available on Solaris,
developed jointly with HP and other vendors.
CDE - Clariion Driver Extensions (used in ATF) - Backend failover, SP or cable connecting, LCC
or cable connecting, cable from LCC to physical disks, ...
CDF - Channel Definition Format. An application of XML, currently under review by W3C, designed to
create channel-style information delivery through automated client-side pull or server-side push
techniques.
CDFS - CD-ROM Filing System. An ISO standard that defines the way information is stored on a CD-ROM.
CDM - NetWare disk driver file name suffix
CDM - Custom Device Module
CDMA - Code-Division Multiple Access, a digital cellular technology that uses spread-spectrum
techniques. Unlike competing systems, such as GSM, that use TDMA, CDMA does not assign
a specific frequency to each user. Instead, every channel uses the full available spectrum.
Individual conversations are encoded with a pseudo-random digital sequence.
CDMA is a military technology first used during World War II by the English allies to foil
German attempts at jamming transmissions. The allies decided to transmit over several
frequencies, instead of one, making it difficult for the Germans to pick up the complete
signal. See also
Because Qualcomm Inc. created communications chips for CDMA technology, it was privy to the
classified information. Once the information became public, Qualcomm claimed patents on
the technology and became the first to commercialize it.
cdma2000 - The ITU-R developed cdma2000 as a set of recommendations for International Mobile
Telecommunications in the year 2000, to support high-speed data rates and, more
importantly, to be able to provide for multimedia services.
CDO - Collaboration Data Objects. The object programming interface for Microsoft Exchange Server
5.5, which allows other applications to access the mail features of Exchange Server.
CDONTS - Collaborative Data Objects for NT Server. A subset of the Microsoft Exchange Server 5.5 CDO
objects that provides access from script to mail services of all kinds, such as the NT
Server SMTP service as well as Exchange Server.
CDP - Continuous Data Protection
CDR - clock & data recovery circuitry; used to recover intelligible data from a continuous bit stream
CDS - Content Download Status
CDS - Class Data Storage (K10) - a client of PSM. Breaks flat files up into streams
CDS - Component Design Specification
CE Marking - CE Marking is a requirement of the EC's New Direction Directives. These put a mandatory
requirement on a manufacturer in the EC, or importers into the EC to self certify
that their products are safe. From that simple and rather obvious statement a whole
lot of bureaucracy has grown up. EN 46002 requirement. ISO-9000.
For each of the major categories of equipment, eg Machinery, Pressure Vessels or
Medical Devices an EC Directive has been issued and enacted by each member states.
These give the philosophy of safety in their area. Compliance with these Directives
is generally achieved by compliance with one or more Standards.
CE Marking Directives impose an obligation for the manufacturer or the Authorized
Representative to compile a Technical File, which demonstrates the technical
basis for conformity of the product to the requirements of the applicable
directive(s). The manufacturer must implement internal measures to ensure that
the product remains in conformity. The Technical file is intended essentially
for national surveillance authorities.
CE technical Files - CE Marking Directives impose an obligation for the manufacturer or the Authorized
Representative to compile a Technical File, which demonstrates the technical
basis for conformity of the product to the requirements of the applicable
directive(s). The manufacturer must implement internal measures to ensure that
the product remains in conformity. The Technical file is intended essentially
for national surveillance authorities. (Pharam).
CELP - code excited linear prediction compression. Compression algorithm used in low
bit-rate voice encoding. Used in ITU-T Recommendations G.728, G.729 & G.723.1
CENTS - Controlled Environment NetCache Test Suite
CER - Cell Error ratio. In ATM, the ration of transmitted cells that have errors to
the total cells sent in a transmission for a specified period of time.
CERT - Computer Cyber Security Readiness Team. Click here for more info
certificate - A form of identification for secure communication. Certificates are used to pass public encryption
keys between applications, and to verify the certificate holder. Used for secure communication
with HTTPS and by (Microsoft's) MSMQ.
CEWIRED - Cache Exclusive Wired subsection; CE_WIRED
foo_type foo2 CACHE_ALIGN = { 0 };
CFL - Compact Fluorescent Light
CFML - Cold Fusion Markup Language
CFO - Clustered Fail Over (politically-correct term for HA); Chief Financial Officer
21 CFR part 11 - Code of Federal Rules. Electronic Signatures. Click here for more info
CFS - Celerra File System
cfsb - CrossPoint's 4x00 Fibre-to-SCSI FC Bridge - BLACK CONTENT - NOT SUPPORTED
CFW - (Data Storage) Controller Firmware
CGI - Common Gateway Interface. A standardized interface exposed by most Web servers. Allows script
and executable programs to access the user requests and server responses in order to create
dynamic pages.
CGI - Computer Generated Imagery
CGMP - CGMP was first implemented by Cisco to restrain multicast traffic in a layer 2 network.
Because a switch is, by essence, not capable of looking at layer 3 packets, it cannot
distinguish an IGMP packet. With CGMP, the router provides the interface between the
hosts. The routers "talk" IGMP, and the switches "talk" CGMP.
cGMP - Current Good Manuafacturing Process on Human Use Pharmaceuticals
the latest FDA interpretations of the GMP.
CGT - BREW Code Generation Tool Class A template (file) that defines the generic characteristics of
an object or module in the system.
ch - char - Windows header file Hungarian notation
chain - list of rules defining what packets can come in and what can go out through a network interface.
Change Agent - A person who leads a change project or business-wide initiative by defining, researching,
planning, building business support and carefully selecting volunteers to be part of a
change team. Change Agents must have the conviction to state the facts based on data,
even if the consquences are associated with unpleasentness.
Change control - Combines human procedures and automated tools. A change control procedure may include these
entities and activities: change request, evaluation, change report, change control authority,
engineering change order (ECO), check out, changes, review, check in (access and
synchronization control), baseline, testing, promoting changes for inclusion in the next
release, rebuild of version, review of changes, inclusion of all changes, distribution
of new version.
channel - a term that originated with mainframe computing environments, and connotes a high degree
of reliability and availablility (HA).
CHAP - Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (PPP suite)
character special device - A device that transfers data character by character.
check script - a script run during installation whose failure prevents loading a part of DG/UX
Chi Square Test - The Chi Square Test is a statistical test which consists of three different types of analysis
1) Goodness of fit,
2) Test for Homogeneity,
3) Test of Independence.
The Test for Goodness of fit determines if the sample under analysis was drawn from a
population that follows some specified distribution.
The Test for Homogeneity answers the proposition that several populations are homogeneous
with respect to some characteristic.
The Test for independence (one of the most frequent uses of Chi Square) is for testing
the null hypothesis that two criteria of classification, when applied to a population
of subjects are independent. If they are not independent then there is an association
between them.
Chi Square is the most popular discrete data hypothesis testing method.
chunk - Smallest retrievable piece of storage from a RAD volume.
Chunk Size - The configurable unit in blocks (32, 64, 128, 256, 512) used to perform COFW operations.
CHW - Configured Hardware
CID - connection ID
CIDR - classless interdomain routing; currently used in place of traditional
IP addressing based on classes to create more usable IP addresses.
CIEs - customer impact events (IBM)
CIF - Cells In Frame (ATM over LAN)
CIFS - Common Internet File System (created by Microsoft). See also
CIM - Common Information Model. See also
Cinepaint - may, in the future, complete well with Photoshop for creating movies.
being considered, for future use, by Disney.
CIP - Common Industrial Protocol
CIP Safety - a safety network is a fieldbus system that connects devices on the
factory floor. But unlike standard networks, a safety network is designed
to trap errors and react with pre-determined safe operation.
CIPE - Crypto IP Encapsulation
CIR - Committed information rate
CIS - Content Intelligence Services (EMC) ;; Computer Information Science (degree)
cisc - Ciprico Rimfire 3500 SCSI controller for m88k systems. See "man cisc".
CISSP - Certified Senior Information Security Analyst
CITRIX - Citrix MetaFrame Access Suite—an integrated set of enterprise access infrastructure
products that provide secure, easy access to comprehensive information
resources from any location, device or connection, and simplify management,
monitoring and measurement in heterogeneous computing environments
CLAS - Comprehensive Logic Analysis System, HP logic analyzer.
.CLASS - Java Bytecode file suffix (called a Java Class file)
Class - A template (file) that defines the generic characteristics of an object or module
in the system.
class - A description of a set of objects having common properties and
behaviors, which typically corespond to real-world items
(persons, places or things) in the business or problem domain.
class 1 - in FC, a connection-orientated class of service that requires acknowledgment of frame delivery.
Class-1 laser-component assemblies use one of two kinds of power-level control technologies,
depending on the open-circuit power levels of the laser source: OFC and non-OFC.
class 2 - in FC, a connectionless class of service that requires acknowledgment of frame delivery
class 3 - in FC, a connectionless class of service that requires NO acknowledgment of frame delivery
class 4 - in FC, a class of service that that defines virtual circuits via fractional bandwidth
and QoS parameters.
(no class 5)
class 6 - in FC, a class of service that that provides multicast frame delivery with acknowledgment.
Class A - in IP networking, an address class providing 126 networks with 16.5 million hosts per network.
Class B - in IP networking, an address class providing 16,000 networks with 65,000 hosts per network.
Class C - (IP networking) an address class providing more than 2 million networks with 254 hosts / network.
Class Diagram - An analysis model that shows a set of system or problem domain
classes and their relationships.
ClassID - 32-bit IDs for identifying BREW classes and applets. These IDs are assigned at the site
www.qualcomm.com/brew/sdk/classid. BREW ClassIDs are available to authenticated developers only.
classing engine - A mechanism that allows an application to query a database in order
to determine how a desktop object should be handled. For example,
the classing engine determines the icon used to display a file
and what happens when a user double-clicks it.
CLASSPATH - tells Java where to find compiled bytecode files - both the User and System
created ones.
CLD - Clariion Layered Driver
CLDAP - Connectionless LDAP. A protocol for communication between directory services that does
not require a synchronous session to be set up.
CLDC - Connected Limited Device Configuration - J2ME
CLDC/MIDP - Connected Limited Device Configuration/Mobile Information Device Profile - J2ME
CLEC - competitive local exchange carriers - companies reselling long distance service
CLI - command line interface / interpreter
ClickConnect - ClickConnect is a new cabling mechanism that includes a latch that keeps the SATA cable connected.
Client - Sends request to server in client-server relationship.
client - a host - a client of the Filer.
Client-Server - Distributed application environment. A combination of servers and clients where a program
running on a client can initiate a session and send requests to another program on a server,
which processes these requests and returns the result.
clipaging - CLI Paging - A Cisco feature that pauses the scrolling of the console screen when the
show command displays more than one page.
CLP - cell loss priority. Field in the ATM cell header that determines the probability
of a cell being dropped if the network becomes congested.
CLR - ratio of discarded cells to cells that are transmitted successfully (ATM).
clr - COLORREF - Windows header file Hungarian notation
CLSID - Class Identifier - a UUID that identifies a COM component - similar to a GUID
CLT - this prefix to a development item number indicates a combined client specific design requirement - wms
Cluster - One or more nodes running separate instances of the DG/UX operating system software
and the DG/UX Clusters Software. Each cluster node "knows about" every other node so
that services can be moved among the nodes. The nodes share a common Cluster File
System, but do not share memory. A DG/UX cluster presents to its users the image of
a single server, regardless of how many nodes are in the cluster or how the nodes are
configured.
- A Group of Computers. Several computers that are connected and set up so as to appear as
one machine, and provide failure protection for any of the machines in the group by
sharing the workload.
Clusters aware - Operating system or application software that has been designed and implemented so that
it can run concurrently on more than one node and can move seamlessly among nodes.
The DG/UX operating system, starting with DG/UX R4.10 is clusters aware. Oracle
Parallel Server (OPS) is an example of clusters aware application software.
Cluster Card - contains memory and system interconnects required for far memory cache.
CM - Configuration Manager for Flare
CM - Channel Manager - maintains the descriptor to object mapping.
cmac - Crash Macro - Macro that can be utilized by the Crash (or gcrash) program
CMDB - configuration management database
CMDCAS - some biotech registration
CME - Configuration Management Ericsson (an Ericsson "home brew").
CMHC - some form of health care software
CMI - Communications Management Interface - Bob Goudreau, Mark Corzine & Darren Insko
CMI channels - software, renamed to CMI conduits, to avoid confusion with the actual hardware -
NOW (K10) CMI channels refers to the actual messaging hardware, for example, SCSI, FC, TCP/IP...
CMI conduits - software, abstract bi-directional communication links between peer components on each SP
CMId - CMI using the Dual mode driver
CMIISCD - CMI over SCSI
CMIP - Common Management Information Protocol - OSI's network management protocol
CMISE - (OSI) Common Management Information Service Element (similar to SNMP)
CMM - Capability Maturity Model (usually considered to be for software).
Carnegie Mellon University. See also
CMMI - Capability Maturity Model Integration (an integration of earlier standards,
including CMM). Carnegie Mellon University. See also
CMM / CMMI Reference Books
cmmu - Cache Memory Manager Unit (88K only)
CMPI - Common Manageability Programming Interface (computer storage API)
CMS - Call Management System ; Celerra Media System
CMS - Configuration and Management Subsystem.
CMSB - Selerra Media System Bobcat
CMSS - Call Management Server Signalling
CMT - connection management
CMTS - Cable Modem Termination System. Click for more info
CMVC - Configuration Management Version Control, from IBM (includes BUGS)
CN - Core Network (wireless); Common Name
CNE - Certified Novell Engineer. See also
CNP - Card Not Present ("credit" card not physically present at sale site, ie.,
probably an Internet purchase, so buyer does not have to present card.
See GIFT CARD FRAUD WARNING
CNR - Carrier-to-Noise Ratio
CO - connection only
CO - Commitment to Perform (one of the Common features in a CMMI PA).
COC - Cost Of Conformance. (COC) A component of the *Cost Of Quality* for a work product.
Cost of conformance is the total cost of ensuring that a product is of good
Quality. It includes costs of Quality Assurance activities such as standards,
training, and processes; and costs of *Quality Control* activities such as reviews,
audits, inspections, and testing.
COC represents an organisation's investment in the quality of its products.
Contrast Cost Of Non-Conformance.
cocoon - Brocade 2800 switch - supported 3rd calendar quarter '99
cocoon - Brocade Switch Model 2400 - 8 ports - DG Internal Name: Cocoon - Official Name: Silkworm2000
cocoon - Brocade Switch Model 2800 - 16 ports - DG Internal Name: Cocoon - Official Name: Silkworm2000
CODEC - Programs that perform the entire process, from compression/encoding to
decompression/decoding are called CODECs. There is often more than one CODEC for
a particular format, so the phrase encoding method is often used when
referring to a particular compressed format. Format is often used
instead of encoding method.
COFF - Unix file format, apparently being replaced by ELF. IPS processor ELF dis-assembler
Common Object File Format, a binary file format used in UNIX System V and Windows.
COFW - Copy On First Write. A policy that insures the original version of source LU data is saved before
being modified. This policy states that before the first modification, after the start of a
SnapView session, the original data on the source LU will be read and stored in the SnapView
cache. This policy only applies to the first modification of the data. Overwrite of any data
that has already had a COFW does not require any extra processing since the original data was
previously saved in the SnapView cache.
COLA - Cost Of Living (salary) Adjustments
Collaboration Diagram - In UML this diagram shows the same information as the Sequence Diagram does,
but in a different form.
COM - Microsoft's Component Object Model - Common Object Model
COM+ - which adds extra features to COM that make building component interfaces easier.
Common Cause Variation
community profile - Information that specifies which management objects are available to
what management domain or SNMP community name.
Compute Node - minimum set of CPU, IOMB, DAC, etc., that forms a VCS.
CONC - Cost Of Non-Conformance.
(CONC.) The element of the *Cost Of Quality* representing the total cost to the
organisation of failure to achieve a good *Quality* product.
CONC includes both in-process costs generated by quality failures, particularly the
cost of *Rework*; and post-delivery costs including further *Rework*, re-performance
of lost work (for products used internally), possible loss of business, possible
legal redress, and other potential costs.
See also: Cost of Poor Quality - COPQ
concatenation - The process of combining subdisks in an end-to-end arrangement.
Space in a concatentation is used sequentially, such that the
first subdisk is used before data is stored on the next, and
so forth. Concatentation is one way of forming a large virtual
disk from a number of smaller didks and works well for small
random I/O.
conduits - abstract bi-directional communication links between peer components on each K10 SP (formerly Channels)
configuration - The collection of programs, documents, and data that must be controlled when changes
are to be made.
ConsoleOne - Server's Root Console (as an X window).
constraint-based routing - Procedures and protocols that determine a route across a backbone take
into account resource requirements and resource availablility instead
of simply using the shortest path.
content - is the wrapper for what we get from the application server that includes the file attributes.
WE DO NOT HAVE MESSAGES, ATTACHMENT TYPES, ATTACHMENT (WMS).
contention - Access method in which network devices compete for permission to access the
physical medium.
Confidence Band (Or Interval) - Measurement of the certainty of the shape of the fitted regression line.
A 95% confidence band implies a 95% chance that the true regression line
fits within the confidence bands. Measurement of certainty.
content server - Similar to the application server but might only be pushing content whereas the Application
Server might do additional services.
Controller - An IBM intelligent computer storage controller. The controller communicates with,
and controls, the shelves (trays)(EXPs) that hold the individual hard drives.
CONTROL-M - BMC's CONTROL-M for Distributed Systems is a business integrated scheduling
product that focuses on the production environment's business applications
and platforms. It provides advanced production-scheduling capabilities
across the enterprise from a single point of control.
controlling PTE - Structure used for anonymous objects - describes the state of the individual pages of the object.
Controlling SP - An SP that owns a primary LU or secondary LU. A controlling SP for a primary LU communicates with the
controlling SP for the secondary LU. Remote Mirroring.
cooked - jargon for a (Unix) file that is a finished product. A cooked file is generated by
running the original file through either the "nroff" or "troff" text processing
program to create a formated, finished product.
Cooked mode - Also called "line mode" - state of terminal input operation. Indicates that there is
no input from a terminal and that the computer will take no action until the carriage
return or enter key has been pressed.
Mode of operation in which input uses the UNIX input/output system for character
interpretation. Slower than "raw" mode, but is device-indpendent.
COPQ - Cost of Poor Quality -
COPQ consists of those costs which are generated as a result of producing defective material.
This cost includes the cost involved in fulfilling the gap between the desired and actual
product/service quality. It also includes the cost of lost opportunity due to the loss
of resources used in rectifying the defect. This cost includes all the labor cost,
rework cost, disposition costs, and material costs that have been added to the unit
up to the point of rejection. COPQ does not include detection and prevention cost.
See also *Cost Of Non-Conformance*.
COPQ should contain the material and labor costs of producing and repairing defective goods,
you can include a portion of the appraisal cost if you have an inspection point, but
never should you include prevention costs.
COPS - Common Open Policy Service
COQ - Cost Of Quality. The cost associated with the quality of a work product.
As defined by Crosby ("Quality Is Free"), Cost Of Quality (COQ) has two main components:
1) Cost Of Conformance and 2) Cost Of Non-Conformance (see respective definitions).
CORBA - Common Access Request Broker Architecture. Generally UNIX-based, and supported by Sun, Netscape,
IBM, etc.
corpus - Index Server document collection. The set of documents, files and other resources that are indexed
by Microsoft Index Server or other indexing service.
COT - Continuity Test
COTS - commercial off the shelf
COW - Copy On Write
CPC - The letters stand for Certified Product Consultant. The CPC is an advanced lab-based
certification intended for individuals who have consultant level knowledge and skill
with one or more Mercury Interactive software products.
CPC - Certified Professional Consultant
cPCI - CompactPCI (VME)
CPCS - Common Part Convergence Sublayer (ATM)
CPCS/SAR - ATM Domain Adaptation Layer
CPD - Control Point Directory - allows limit of # of blocks that can be allocated.
The root of every file system is a CPD.
CPE - Customer provided/premises Equipment (telephoney).
CPFR - Collaborative Planning, Forecasting and Replenishment
CPI - Continuous Process Improvement. Click here for more CPI information
CPI-C - Common Programming Interface for Communications
CPL - Common Public License
CPO - Cooling/Power Observer board (NUMA).
CppUnit - The first port of JUnit to C++ was done by Michael Feathers. His versions can be found on the
XProgramming software page. They are os-specific, so Jerome Lacoste provided a port to
Unix/Solaris. His version can be found on the same page. The CppUnit project has
combined and built on this work.
CPU Terminator - Intel-designed board which terminates the BIB board Or fifth CPU slot when there is no BIB in
the block. Also, Called the FSB, Cluster, or BIB terminator.
CQ - ClearQuest (Rational's defect reporting tool, now owned by IBM)
CQG - Central Quality Group
CR3 - Pentium Page Directory Base Register that points to the system HLPT
resetting CR3 does an automatic TLB flush.
CRC - cyclic redundancy check - A method for detecting data errors.
CRC-32c - cyclic redundancy check, version with 32 bits.
credential - a Kernel testimonial that reliably indentifies the userID and group of the
requesting process.
CRIT-SITS - Critical Situations (critical problems)
CRL - Certificate Revocation List. A list of certificates that are no longer valid. Maintained and
published by the CA that originally issued these certificates.
CRM - customer relationship management
CRO - Contract Research Organization
CRO - Contract research Organization (Pharma)
CROWN - Consolidated Renal Operations in a Web Enabled Network - Southeastern Kidney Council (SKC)
CRU - Customer Replacable Unit - power supplies, fans, some disks
CRUD matrix - A table that correlates system actions with data entities to show where
each data item is Created, Read, Updated and Deleted.
Cryptix - Cryptix is an open source library for strong cryptography.
CS - Customer Satisfaction; Computer Science
CSA - Customer Service Agreement
CSCR - Central Society for Clinical Research
CSCF - Call/Session Control Function
CSEL - Cable Select (IDE/ATA/EIDE) - For computer drives - instead of either Master or Slave,
use the order in which the devices appear on the ATA signal cable (obsolete).
CSF - Class Scheduling Facility - Cluster software that enables cluster administrators to build
scheduling classes that define for processes in a class characteristics such as priority
and scheduling policy, processor affinity (for an SMP node), allowable execution times,
and list of nodes that can run the process (in order of preference).
csfm - Character Special File Manager - uses information in the vnode to locate proper device driver.
CSG - current Stage
CSM - Carrier Sense Multiple Access / Collision Detection, a set of rules determining how
network devices respond when two devices attempt to use a data channel simultaneously
(called a collision). Standard Ethernet networks use CSMA/CD. This standard enables
devices to detect a collision. After detecting a collision, a device waits a random
delay time and then attempts to re-transmit the message. IF the device detects a
collision again, it waits twice as long to try to re-transmit the message. This is
known as exponential back off.
CSMA/CD - Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection - used by Ethernet
CSP - Cryptographic Service Provider. A code module that integrates with the CryptoAPI to perform the
authentication, encoding and encryption. Often created by ISVs.
CSP - Cross System Product
CSQE - Certified Software Quality Engineer
CSR - Configuration Status Reporting - An activity that helps software developers to understand
what changes have been made, and why.
CSR - this prefix to a development item number indicates a combined client/server design requirement - wms
CSR - Control and Status Registers. Provide the software visible interface to the CDC.
(any hardware register with side-effects) or Customer Support Representative
CSRC - Contributing source identifiers list (h323). Identifies the contributing sources for
the payload contained in this packet.
CSRI - Coordinated Spam reduction Initiative - Microsoft
CSS - Cascading Style Sheets (web pages). The W3C-approved way to specif text formatting and layout
in a Web page or for an XML document. Several style sheets can be linked to a Web page, or
the style information embed