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THERE ARE 2 TYPES OF CHARGE: positive-- proton negative--electron

They are equal in charge although the mass of proton is 1837 times greater

than that of the electron. charge = 1.6 x 10^(-19) C for each!

"ELECTROSTATIC" --- charge is stationary--not moving.

SAME CHARGE (2 positives or 2 negatives) --objects repel :(

UNLIKE CHARGE (A positive and a negative)-- objects attract :)

CONDUCTORS --materials through which negative charge can move rather freely.

INSULATORS --materials through which none of the charge can move freely

"TO GROUND" an object means to provide a pathway for charge to move

from the charged object to the earth's surface. This process discharges the object

leaving no net charge in the object. If matter is present there must be charge present though
the net charge may be zero.

ATOMIC STRUCTURE--(NUCLEONS ARE PARTICLES FOUND IN THE NUCLEUS!)

Protons in nucleus >>> + charge

Neutrons in nucleus >>> 0 net charge

Electrons orbit in discrete levels around nucleus >>> - charge

A neutron has no NET charge-- however, it decays to one electron and one proton

CONDUCTION ELECTRONS-- electrons loosely held in the

outer-most shell of a conductor (like a metal) and that do not remain attached

to the atoms of the structure but are free to wander throughout the

conductor.

COULOMB'S LAW-- The Electrostatic Force has magnitude of

Q is measured in Coulombs. 1 Coulomb = 6.25 x 10^ 18 charges

(Epsilon o = The permittivity of free space = 8.85 x 10-12 C^2/Nm^2)

R represents the distance from center of charge to center of charge

in meters.

The Spherical Shell Theorem holds for charge as well as mass!